Mutation Analysis (MutSigCV v0.9)
Colon Adenocarcinoma (Primary solid tumor)
28 January 2016  |  analyses__2016_01_28
Maintainer Information
Citation Information
Maintained by David Heiman (Broad Institute)
Cite as Broad Institute TCGA Genome Data Analysis Center (2016): Mutation Analysis (MutSigCV v0.9). Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard. doi:10.7908/C18P5ZTP
Overview
Introduction

This report serves to describe the mutational landscape and properties of a given individual set, as well as rank genes and genesets according to mutational significance. MutSigCV v0.9 was used to generate the results found in this report.

  • Working with individual set: COAD-TP

  • Number of patients in set: 367

Input

The input for this pipeline is a set of individuals with the following files associated for each:

  1. An annotated .maf file describing the mutations called for the respective individual, and their properties.

  2. A .wig file that contains information about the coverage of the sample.

Summary
  • MAF used for this analysis:COAD-TP.final_analysis_set.maf

  • Blacklist used for this analysis: pancan_mutation_blacklist.v14.hg19.txt

  • Significantly mutated genes (q ≤ 0.1): 93

Results
Target Coverage for Each Individual

The x axis represents the samples. The y axis represents the exons, one row per exon, and they are sorted by average coverage across samples. For exons with exactly the same average coverage, they are sorted next by the %GC of the exon. (The secondary sort is especially useful for the zero-coverage exons at the bottom). If the figure is unpopulated, then full coverage is assumed (e.g. MutSig CV doesn't use WIGs and assumes full coverage).

Figure 1. 

Distribution of Mutation Counts, Coverage, and Mutation Rates Across Samples

Figure 2.  Patients counts and rates file used to generate this plot: COAD-TP.patients.counts_and_rates.txt

Lego Plots

The mutation spectrum is depicted in the lego plots below in which the 96 possible mutation types are subdivided into six large blocks, color-coded to reflect the base substitution type. Each large block is further subdivided into the 16 possible pairs of 5' and 3' neighbors, as listed in the 4x4 trinucleotide context legend. The height of each block corresponds to the mutation frequency for that kind of mutation (counts of mutations normalized by the base coverage in a given bin). The shape of the spectrum is a signature for dominant mutational mechanisms in different tumor types.

Figure 3.  Get High-res Image SNV Mutation rate lego plot for entire set. Each bin is normalized by base coverage for that bin. Colors represent the six SNV types on the upper right. The three-base context for each mutation is labeled in the 4x4 legend on the lower right. The fractional breakdown of SNV counts is shown in the pie chart on the upper left. If this figure is blank, not enough information was provided in the MAF to generate it.

Figure 4.  Get High-res Image SNV Mutation rate lego plots for 4 slices of mutation allele fraction (0<=AF<0.1, 0.1<=AF<0.25, 0.25<=AF<0.5, & 0.5<=AF) . The color code and three-base context legends are the same as the previous figure. If this figure is blank, not enough information was provided in the MAF to generate it.

CoMut Plot

Figure 5.  Get High-res Image The matrix in the center of the figure represents individual mutations in patient samples, color-coded by type of mutation, for the significantly mutated genes. The rate of synonymous and non-synonymous mutations is displayed at the top of the matrix. The barplot on the left of the matrix shows the number of mutations in each gene. The percentages represent the fraction of tumors with at least one mutation in the specified gene. The barplot to the right of the matrix displays the q-values for the most significantly mutated genes. The purple boxplots below the matrix (only displayed if required columns are present in the provided MAF) represent the distributions of allelic fractions observed in each sample. The plot at the bottom represents the base substitution distribution of individual samples, using the same categories that were used to calculate significance.

Significantly Mutated Genes

Column Descriptions:

  • nnon = number of (nonsilent) mutations in this gene across the individual set

  • npat = number of patients (individuals) with at least one nonsilent mutation

  • nsite = number of unique sites having a non-silent mutation

  • nflank = number of noncoding mutations from this gene's flanking region, across the individual set

  • nsil = number of silent mutations in this gene across the individual set

  • p = p-value (overall)

  • q = q-value, False Discovery Rate (Benjamini-Hochberg procedure)

Table 1.  Get Full Table A Ranked List of Significantly Mutated Genes. Number of significant genes found: 93. Number of genes displayed: 35. Click on a gene name to display its stick figure depicting the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the chosen gene (this feature may not be available for all significant genes).

gene Nnon Nsil Nflank nnon npat nsite nsil nflank nnei fMLE p score time q
MLH1 874194 246991 3456 63 53 45 14 0 20 1.1 0 180 0.51 0
PTEN 357458 85878 1566 294 154 184 117 0 20 3.7 0 420 0.64 0
RNF43 611055 193409 1575 55 46 27 1 0 8 0.71 0 200 0.59 0
TP53 346815 101292 1854 338 232 189 63 0 4 8.5 0 640 0.8 0
RB1 1045216 275617 4374 132 88 86 39 0 20 1.4 5.6e-16 250 0.76 2e-12
NRAS 169187 44774 738 34 33 15 11 0 20 1.3 1.1e-15 100 0.39 3.4e-12
APC 2448624 686290 2619 667 296 373 167 0 4 8.8 1.4e-15 970 0.34 3.8e-12
CDH1 717118 213227 3114 88 74 65 17 0 20 1.4 1.9e-15 220 0.41 3.8e-12
TXNDC2 474898 132487 351 25 22 9 2 0 20 0.85 1.9e-15 110 0.48 3.8e-12
ARID1A 1639389 482972 3384 83 72 63 17 0 2 1.2 3e-15 230 0.32 4.2e-12
PIK3CA 953833 244055 3564 288 175 144 114 0 20 3.1 3.4e-15 360 0.64 4.2e-12
MUC4 1670584 541692 3618 133 94 61 21 0 2 1.8 3.7e-15 370 0.83 4.2e-12
CTNNB1 674913 201850 2538 100 74 65 40 0 20 1.7 3.8e-15 210 0.35 4.2e-12
KIT 865386 234880 3771 140 96 108 49 0 20 2.1 3.8e-15 200 0.35 4.2e-12
KRAS 222035 54316 954 182 168 37 14 4 1 6.4 3.8e-15 360 1 4.2e-12
NF2 470127 118541 2520 76 62 59 24 0 20 1 3.9e-15 220 1.2 4.2e-12
VHL 110834 34865 396 85 63 59 38 0 13 2.5 3.9e-15 190 0.61 4.2e-12
FBXW7 712714 195611 2151 118 102 71 42 2 20 2.6 4.3e-15 290 0.35 4.2e-12
B2M 105329 29360 576 21 16 16 1 0 20 0.65 4.4e-15 76 0.38 4.2e-12
SMAD4 485908 135423 1998 166 119 107 54 0 20 2.2 4.6e-15 320 0.52 4.2e-12
BRAF 633809 180931 3051 111 96 50 38 0 19 1.7 6.7e-15 230 0.35 5.8e-12
SOX9 345714 101659 468 40 36 37 0 0 20 1.2 7.7e-15 180 0.75 6.4e-12
STK11 182766 52848 423 36 32 24 12 0 20 1.2 1e-14 110 0.67 8e-12
EGFR 1130360 309014 5292 105 75 90 42 0 20 1.3 1.9e-13 170 0.68 1.4e-10
PIK3R1 684088 175793 3105 52 43 35 12 1 20 1.4 4.1e-13 130 0.63 3e-10
RUNX1 282223 88447 1755 41 37 29 15 0 13 1.3 5.6e-12 100 0.88 4e-09
BMPR2 898783 258001 2340 40 35 37 4 0 20 0.88 1.2e-11 120 0.73 8.4e-09
CD58 198180 51013 810 15 14 13 0 0 20 0.57 7.5e-11 62 0.36 4.9e-08
SELPLG 315987 113770 279 17 16 9 1 0 20 0.82 4.2e-10 77 0.76 2.7e-07
ZFP36L2 185702 59821 144 14 14 11 1 0 20 1.2 9.1e-10 76 0.43 5.6e-07
CRIPAK 361128 120009 207 18 18 10 2 0 20 0.83 1.1e-09 80 0.92 6.6e-07
GNG12 64592 17249 396 8 8 3 0 0 20 0.79 2.2e-09 44 0.86 1.3e-06
FGFR2 767030 214695 4617 50 45 44 17 0 18 1.4 8.2e-09 120 1.4 4.6e-06
CEBPA 64959 19818 36 15 15 14 5 0 20 1 1.1e-08 48 0.73 5.8e-06
COL6A5 495450 130285 756 46 33 42 8 0 7 1.4 3.7e-08 100 0.34 0.000019
MLH1

Figure S1.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the MLH1 significant gene.

PTEN

Figure S2.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the PTEN significant gene.

RNF43

Figure S3.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the RNF43 significant gene.

TP53

Figure S4.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the TP53 significant gene.

RB1

Figure S5.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the RB1 significant gene.

NRAS

Figure S6.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the NRAS significant gene.

APC

Figure S7.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the APC significant gene.

CDH1

Figure S8.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the CDH1 significant gene.

TXNDC2

Figure S9.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the TXNDC2 significant gene.

ARID1A

Figure S10.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the ARID1A significant gene.

PIK3CA

Figure S11.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the PIK3CA significant gene.

MUC4

Figure S12.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the MUC4 significant gene.

CTNNB1

Figure S13.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the CTNNB1 significant gene.

KIT

Figure S14.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the KIT significant gene.

KRAS

Figure S15.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the KRAS significant gene.

NF2

Figure S16.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the NF2 significant gene.

VHL

Figure S17.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the VHL significant gene.

FBXW7

Figure S18.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the FBXW7 significant gene.

B2M

Figure S19.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the B2M significant gene.

SMAD4

Figure S20.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the SMAD4 significant gene.

BRAF

Figure S21.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the BRAF significant gene.

SOX9

Figure S22.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the SOX9 significant gene.

STK11

Figure S23.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the STK11 significant gene.

EGFR

Figure S24.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the EGFR significant gene.

PIK3R1

Figure S25.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the PIK3R1 significant gene.

RUNX1

Figure S26.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the RUNX1 significant gene.

BMPR2

Figure S27.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the BMPR2 significant gene.

CD58

Figure S28.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the CD58 significant gene.

SELPLG

Figure S29.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the SELPLG significant gene.

ZFP36L2

Figure S30.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the ZFP36L2 significant gene.

CRIPAK

Figure S31.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the CRIPAK significant gene.

GNG12

Figure S32.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the GNG12 significant gene.

FGFR2

Figure S33.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the FGFR2 significant gene.

CEBPA

Figure S34.  This figure depicts the distribution of mutations and mutation types across the CEBPA significant gene.

Methods & Data
Methods

In brief, we tabulate the number of mutations and the number of covered bases for each gene. The counts are broken down by mutation context category: four context categories that are discovered by MutSig, and one for indel and 'null' mutations, which include indels, nonsense mutations, splice-site mutations, and non-stop (read-through) mutations. For each gene, we calculate the probability of seeing the observed constellation of mutations, i.e. the product P1 x P2 x ... x Pm, or a more extreme one, given the background mutation rates calculated across the dataset. [1]

Download Results

In addition to the links below, the full results of the analysis summarized in this report can also be downloaded programmatically using firehose_get, or interactively from either the Broad GDAC website or TCGA Data Coordination Center Portal.

References
[1] TCGA, Integrated genomic analyses of ovarian carcinoma, Nature 474:609 - 615 (2011)