rankgenesetdescriptionN_genesmut_tallyNnnpatnsitensiln1n2n3n4n5pq
1ARENRF2PATHWAYNrf1 and nrf2 are transcription factors that bind to antioxidant response elements (AREs), promoters of genes involved in oxidative damage control.13CREB1(1), KEAP1(18), PRKCA(2)436412120201313122<1.00e-11<6.21e-10
2NO1PATHWAYShear stress in endothelial cells increases cytoplasmic calcium, which activates nitric oxide synthase III to release NO, which in turn regulates cardiac contractions.28CHRNA1(3), FLT4(5), NOS3(1), RYR2(44), SLC7A1(1)2395845438541113171455<1.00e-11<6.21e-10
3HSA04720_LONG_TERM_ POTENTIATIONGenes involved in long-term potentiation67ADCY8(7), ARAF(1), BRAF(4), CACNA1C(8), CAMK2A(1), CAMK2B(3), CAMK2D(1), CAMK4(3), CREBBP(2), GRIA1(3), GRIN2B(8), GRM1(8), ITPR1(2), ITPR2(6), ITPR3(4), KRAS(5), PLCB1(5), PLCB4(3), PPP3CC(1), PRKCA(2), RPS6KA2(1)40140278507525252415311<1.00e-11<6.21e-10
4STRIATED_MUSCLE_ CONTRACTION37ACTN3(2), DMD(12), MYBPC2(1), MYBPC3(3), MYH6(7), MYH7(5), MYH8(10), MYOM1(2), NEB(10), TPM2(1), TPM4(1), TTN(83)73405013766137423749281112<1.00e-11<6.21e-10
5HSA04020_CALCIUM_ SIGNALING_PATHWAYGenes involved in calcium signaling pathway169ADCY2(4), ADCY3(1), ADCY4(1), ADCY8(7), ATP2A3(1), ATP2B1(1), ATP2B2(4), ATP2B4(1), CACNA1A(1), CACNA1C(8), CACNA1D(6), CACNA1E(19), CACNA1F(2), CACNA1G(4), CACNA1H(1), CACNA1I(1), CAMK2A(1), CAMK2B(3), CAMK2D(1), CAMK4(3), EGFR(7), GNA11(1), GNAS(3), GRM1(8), ITPR1(2), ITPR2(6), ITPR3(4), MYLK(4), NOS3(1), PDE1A(1), PDE1B(1), PDGFRB(3), PLCB1(5), PLCB4(3), PLCD1(1), PLCD4(2), PLCE1(2), PPP3CC(1), PRKCA(2), PTK2B(2), RYR1(17), RYR2(44), RYR3(15), SLC8A2(1), SLC8A3(4)144603021081208665272521024<1.00e-11<6.21e-10
6HSA04912_GNRH_SIGNALING_ PATHWAYGenes involved in GnRH signaling pathway95ADCY2(4), ADCY3(1), ADCY4(1), ADCY5(4), ADCY8(7), CACNA1C(8), CACNA1D(6), CACNA1F(2), CAMK2A(1), CAMK2B(3), CAMK2D(1), EGFR(7), GNA11(1), GNAS(3), ITPR1(2), ITPR2(6), ITPR3(4), KRAS(5), MAP2K4(1), MAP2K6(1), PLA2G4A(3), PLCB1(5), PLCB4(3), PRKCA(2), PTK2B(2), SOS1(3)60689386538134202322615<1.00e-11<6.21e-10
7CALCIUM_REGULATION_ IN_CARDIAC_CELLS139ADCY2(4), ADCY3(1), ADCY4(1), ADCY5(4), ADCY8(7), ATP2A3(1), ATP2B1(1), ATP2B2(4), CACNA1A(1), CACNA1C(8), CACNA1D(6), CACNA1E(19), CAMK2A(1), CAMK2B(3), CAMK2D(1), CAMK4(3), GJB1(1), GNA11(1), GRK4(2), GRK6(1), ITPR1(2), ITPR2(6), ITPR3(4), PRKCA(2), PRKCE(1), RYR1(17), RYR2(44), RYR3(15), SLC8A3(4)12809021657016558385841721<1.00e-11<6.21e-10
8HSA04512_ECM_RECEPTOR_ INTERACTIONGenes involved in ECM-receptor interaction87AGRN(1), CD36(1), COL11A2(2), COL4A1(2), COL4A4(5), COL4A6(8), COL5A3(5), FNDC3A(2), GP1BA(1), GP5(1), HSPG2(5), ITGA1(1), ITGA11(2), ITGA2(3), ITGA5(1), ITGA7(1), ITGA8(6), ITGB4(1), LAMA1(11), LAMA2(15), LAMA3(5), LAMA5(3), LAMB1(4), LAMB2(8), LAMB3(3), LAMB4(8), LAMC3(3), RELN(16), TNC(12), TNXB(5), VWF(6)120330714758147433272171214<1.00e-11<6.21e-10
9SMOOTH_MUSCLE_CONTRACTION138ADCY2(4), ADCY3(1), ADCY4(1), ADCY5(4), ADCY8(7), ATP2A3(1), CAMK2A(1), CAMK2B(3), CAMK2D(1), CNN1(1), GRK4(2), GRK6(1), ITPR1(2), ITPR2(6), ITPR3(4), NOS3(1), PLCD1(1), PRKCA(2), PRKCE(1), RYR1(17), RYR2(44), RYR3(15), TNXB(5)10262571256212546284526917<1.00e-11<6.21e-10
10HSA04540_GAP_JUNCTIONGenes involved in gap junction92ADCY2(4), ADCY3(1), ADCY4(1), ADCY5(4), ADCY8(7), EGFR(7), GNA11(1), GNAS(3), GRM1(8), GUCY2C(3), ITPR1(2), ITPR2(6), ITPR3(4), KRAS(5), PDGFRB(3), PLCB1(5), PLCB4(3), PRKCA(2), SOS1(3), TUBA4A(1), TUBB4(1)536396744969281916187141.11e-116.21e-10
11HSA04730_LONG_TERM_ DEPRESSIONGenes involved in long-term depression74ARAF(1), BRAF(4), CACNA1A(1), GNA11(1), GNAS(3), GRIA1(3), GRM1(8), GUCY2C(3), ITPR1(2), ITPR2(6), ITPR3(4), KRAS(5), LYN(1), NOS3(1), PLA2G4A(3), PLCB1(5), PLCB4(3), PPP2R2A(2), PRKCA(2), RYR1(17)48556975487217182616691.11e-116.21e-10
12HSA04510_FOCAL_ADHESIONGenes involved in focal adhesion192ACTN3(2), BRAF(4), COL11A2(2), COL4A1(2), COL4A4(5), COL4A6(8), COL5A3(5), DOCK1(4), EGFR(7), FLNA(1), FLNB(1), GRLF1(3), ITGA1(1), ITGA11(2), ITGA2(3), ITGA5(1), ITGA7(1), ITGA8(6), ITGB4(1), LAMA1(11), LAMA2(15), LAMA3(5), LAMA5(3), LAMB1(4), LAMB2(8), LAMB3(3), LAMB4(8), LAMC3(3), MET(2), MYL7(1), MYLK(4), PDGFRB(3), PIK3R5(2), PRKCA(2), PTK2(2), RELN(16), SOS1(3), TLN1(3), TLN2(3), TNC(12), TNXB(5), VWF(6)1764566183721815345812614171.69e-118.68e-10
13ST_G_ALPHA_I_PATHWAYGi and Go proteins are members of the same family that transduce cellular signals through both their alpha and beta subunits.34BRAF(4), EGFR(7), EPHB2(1), ITPR1(2), ITPR2(6), ITPR3(4), PLCB1(5), PLCB4(3), SOS1(3)15876735273376145462.11e-109.98e-09
14HSA01430_CELL_COMMUNICATIONGenes involved in cell communication137COL11A2(2), COL17A1(3), COL4A1(2), COL4A4(5), COL4A6(8), COL5A3(5), GJA10(2), GJB1(1), GJC2(1), ITGB4(1), KRT13(1), KRT14(1), KRT15(2), KRT3(1), KRT32(2), KRT6B(1), KRT72(2), KRT74(1), KRT75(1), KRT76(2), KRT82(2), KRT9(2), LAMA1(11), LAMA2(15), LAMA3(5), LAMA5(3), LAMB1(4), LAMB2(8), LAMB3(3), LAMB4(8), LAMC3(3), LMNB1(1), NES(1), RELN(16), TNC(12), TNXB(5), VWF(6)142413714961149423572219124.74e-102.08e-08
15HSA02010_ABC_TRANSPORTERS_ GENERALGenes involved in ABC transporters - general44ABCA10(4), ABCA13(14), ABCA3(4), ABCA4(3), ABCA6(3), ABCA7(2), ABCB1(3), ABCB5(11), ABCC1(1), ABCC10(1), ABCC12(5), ABCC2(1), ABCC3(3), ABCC5(2), ABCC8(5), ABCC9(5), ABCG4(2), ABCG5(2), ABCG8(1), TAP2(1)530474734673152322144101.99e-098.19e-08
16HSA04360_AXON_GUIDANCEGenes involved in axon guidance127ABLIM1(1), ABLIM3(3), EPHA3(4), EPHA6(10), EPHB2(1), EPHB4(1), KRAS(5), MET(2), NFAT5(2), NFATC3(2), PLXNA1(4), PLXNA2(3), PLXNC1(3), PPP3CC(1), PTK2(2), RASA1(1), ROBO3(5), SEMA3G(3), SEMA4F(1), SEMA4G(1), SEMA6A(3), SEMA6B(1), SEMA6D(7), SEMA7A(1), SLIT1(6), SLIT3(6), SRGAP3(3)64782182517931253214568.16e-093.14e-07
17CK1PATHWAYCaseine kinase 1 (CK1) and cdk5 phosphorylate DARPP32 in the dopamine signaling pathway.17GRM1(8), PLCB1(5)285601312131513041.07e-083.88e-07
18ST_MYOCYTE_AD_PATHWAYCardiac myocytes have a variety of adrenergic receptors that induce subtype-specific signaling effects.23APC(4), EPHB2(1), ITPR1(2), ITPR2(6), ITPR3(4), RHO(1), RYR1(17)20480035253583195443.68e-081.26e-06
19HSA04530_TIGHT_JUNCTIONGenes involved in tight junction131ACTN3(2), ASH1L(3), CDK4(1), EPB41L1(2), EPB41L3(5), INADL(1), KRAS(5), LLGL1(1), LLGL2(2), MAGI1(3), MPDZ(2), MYH1(10), MYH10(3), MYH11(5), MYH13(7), MYH2(12), MYH4(8), MYH6(7), MYH7(5), MYH8(10), MYL7(1), PARD3(1), PPM1J(1), PPP2R2A(2), PRKCA(2), PRKCE(1), SPTAN1(3), SYMPK(2), YES1(3), ZAK(2)102425211259108293039247127.21e-082.34e-06
20ST_ADRENERGICAdrenergic receptors respond to epinephrine and norepinephrine signaling.34APC(4), BRAF(4), EGFR(7), GNA11(1), ITPR1(2), ITPR2(6), ITPR3(4)16646128232652135533.29e-070.000010
21GPCRDB_CLASS_C_METABOTROPIC_ GLUTAMATE_PHEROMONE13CASR(4), GRM1(8), GRM2(2)385161413140634014.14e-070.000012
22MYOSINPATHWAYMyosin light chain kinase phosphorylates myosin and promotes muscle contraction and platelet formation; myosin phosphatase antagonizes these processes.13MYLK(4), PLCB1(5), PPP1R12B(2), PRKCA(2)454531312134540046.30e-070.000018
23ST_WNT_CA2_CYCLIC_ GMP_PATHWAYSome Wnt glycoprotein/Frizzled receptor interactions increase intracellular calcium and decrease cGMP.19CAMK2A(1), CAMK2B(3), CAMK2D(1), ITPR1(2), ITPR2(6), ITPR3(4), NFAT5(2), PDE6A(4), PDE6C(2)15372425182574122162.70e-060.000072
24HSA04916_MELANOGENESISGenes involved in melanogenesis99ADCY2(4), ADCY3(1), ADCY4(1), ADCY5(4), ADCY8(7), CAMK2A(1), CAMK2B(3), CAMK2D(1), CREB1(1), CREB3L3(1), CREBBP(2), DVL1(1), DVL3(3), FZD2(1), GNAS(3), KRAS(5), PLCB1(5), PLCB4(3), PRKCA(2), WNT7A(3)52745452404921161094133.46e-060.000089
25SA_DIACYLGLYCEROL_ SIGNALINGDAG (diacylglycerol) signaling activity10PDE1A(1), PDE1B(1), PLCB1(5)155247771310037.83e-060.00019
26SPRYPATHWAYFour members of the Sprouty protein family block proliferative EGF signals by binding Grb-2, preventing Ras and MAP kinase activation.18EGFR(7), PTPRB(8), RASA1(1), SOS1(3)952721917176358218.27e-060.00020
27VITCBPATHWAYVitamin C (ascorbic acid), in addition to its role in collagen modification, serves as an antioxidant and is imported into cells by Svct2 in the brain and Svct1 in intestinal epithelium.11COL4A1(2), COL4A3(1), COL4A4(5), COL4A6(8)6305316111611373120.0000110.00026
28HSA04320_DORSO_VENTRAL_ AXIS_FORMATIONGenes involved in dorso-ventral axis formation28BRAF(4), EGFR(7), KRAS(5), NOTCH1(2), NOTCH4(10), SOS1(3)224770312626871010400.0000130.00028
29NOS1PATHWAYGlutamate stimulates NMDA-mediates calcium influx, which promotes nitric oxide synthesis from arginine by neuronal nitric oxide synthase, activating guanylate cyclase.21GRIN2B(8), PPP3CC(1), PRKCA(2)418251110112821000.0000160.00034
30PKCPATHWAYGq-coupled receptors promote hydrolysis of PIP2 to DAG and IP3, which causes calcium influx and activates protein kinase C.6PLCB1(5), PRKCA(2)240167772400030.0000250.00051
31PLCPATHWAYPhospholipase C hydrolyzes the membrane lipid PIP2 to DAG, which activates protein kinase C, and IP3, which causes calcium influx.7PLCB1(5), PRKCA(2)247557773400030.0000330.00064
32GPCRDB_CLASS_B_SECRETIN_ LIKE20CALCR(4), ELTD1(4), EMR2(1), GLP2R(3), GPR64(2)622561414143352040.0000330.00064
33ACE2PATHWAYAngiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) digests the blood-pressure regulator angiotensin II (AGT) ultimately to the vasodilator AGT1-7.12ACE2(1), COL4A1(2), COL4A3(1), COL4A4(5), COL4A6(8), REN(1)8457518131812474120.0000410.00076
34LAIRPATHWAYThe local acute inflammatory response is mediated by activated macrophages and mast cells or by complement activation.16C3(2), C6(2), C7(3), ITGAL(6), SELP(2)656311514155462210.0000520.00094
35MONOCYTEPATHWAYMonocytes are a class of immune phagocytes that can develop into macrophages and express LFA-1, CD44, and other surface signaling proteins.11ITGAL(6), ITGAM(3), SELE(3), SELP(2)651901411145532220.0000590.0010
36BLOOD_CLOTTING_CASCADE21F5(4), LPA(8), VWF(6)1076661812188295200.000110.0019
37PAR1PATHWAYActivated extracellular thrombin cleaves and activates the G-protein coupled receptors PAR1 and PAR4, which activate platelets.19PLCB1(5), PPP1R12B(2), PRKCA(2), PTK2B(2)598911110113430040.000130.0022
38SIG_PIP3_SIGNALING_ IN_B_LYMPHOCYTESGenes related to PIP3 signaling in B lymphocytes33BCR(1), BTK(4), ITPR1(2), ITPR2(6), ITPR3(4), LYN(1), PTPRC(6), RPS6KA2(1)20810025202563132160.000160.0026
39HSA04664_FC_EPSILON_ RI_SIGNALING_PATHWAYGenes involved in Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway74BTK(4), INPP5D(1), KRAS(5), LAT(1), LYN(1), MAP2K4(1), MAP2K6(1), MS4A2(1), PIK3R5(2), PLA2G4A(3), PRKCA(2), PRKCE(1), SOS1(3)1925302623235859130.000180.0029
40HSA04810_REGULATION_ OF_ACTIN_CYTOSKELETONGenes involved in regulation of actin cytoskeleton203ACTN3(2), APC(4), APC2(1), ARAF(1), ARHGEF6(4), BRAF(4), CYFIP2(2), DOCK1(4), EGFR(7), FGD1(1), FGD3(3), GRLF1(3), ITGA1(1), ITGA11(2), ITGA2(3), ITGA5(1), ITGA7(1), ITGA8(6), ITGAD(5), ITGAE(1), ITGAL(6), ITGAM(3), ITGB4(1), KRAS(5), MYH10(3), MYL7(1), MYLK(4), NCKAP1L(4), PDGFRB(3), PIK3R5(2), PPP1R12B(2), PTK2(2), SOS1(3), TIAM2(5), WASF1(2), WASL(2)118071510457992523352412100.000190.0029
41SIG_CHEMOTAXISGenes related to chemotaxis44ARHGEF11(2), BTK(4), ITPR1(2), ITPR2(6), ITPR3(4), MYLK(4), RHO(1), WASF1(2), WASL(2)24952327222763112560.000220.0033
42NEUTROPHILPATHWAYNeutrophils are phagocytotic leukocytes that destroy foreign cells with reactive oxygen species or enzymatic digestion and express CD11 and CD18.8ITGAL(6), ITGAM(3), SELE(3)64350129123521220.000220.0033
43UREACYCLEPATHWAYAmmonia released from amino acid deamination is used to produce carbamoyl phosphate, which is used to convert ornithine to citrulline, from which urea is eventually formed.6CPS1(8)246458882222110.000260.0038
44REELINPATHWAYReelin is secreted by neurons and recognized by receptors including cadherin related neuronal receptors, which promote phosphorylation of Dab1.7RELN(16), VLDLR(1)1017221714175581120.000320.0044
45HSA04670_LEUKOCYTE_ TRANSENDOTHELIAL_ MIGRATIONGenes involved in Leukocyte transendothelial migration110ACTN3(2), CDH5(1), CTNND1(3), CYBB(1), GRLF1(3), ITGAL(6), ITGAM(3), MYL7(1), PIK3R5(2), PRKCA(2), PTK2(2), PTK2B(2), RHOH(2)2907563023301012102510.000390.0053
46ERKPATHWAYCell growth is promoted by Ras activation of the anti-apoptotic p44/42 MAP kinase pathway.29EGFR(7), GNAS(3), SOS1(3)958971312115227200.000620.0081
47HSA04370_VEGF_SIGNALING_ PATHWAYGenes involved in VEGF signaling pathway69KRAS(5), MAPKAPK2(1), NFAT5(2), NFATC3(2), NOS3(1), PIK3R5(2), PLA2G4A(3), PPP3CC(1), PRKCA(2), PTK2(2)1712282116183846300.000620.0081
48HSA04010_MAPK_SIGNALING_ PATHWAYGenes involved in MAPK signaling pathway248ACVR1C(1), BRAF(4), CACNA1A(1), CACNA1C(8), CACNA1D(6), CACNA1E(19), CACNA1F(2), CACNA1G(4), CACNA1H(1), CACNA1I(1), CACNB2(1), CHUK(2), DDIT3(1), EGFR(7), FLNA(1), FLNB(1), KRAS(5), MAP2K4(1), MAP2K6(1), MAP3K12(1), MAP4K3(1), MAPK8IP1(1), MAPKAPK2(1), NF1(7), NTRK1(4), PDGFRB(3), PLA2G4A(3), PPP3CC(1), PRKCA(2), RASA1(1), RASA2(2), RASGRF2(4), RASGRP3(1), RPS6KA2(1), RPS6KA4(1), SOS1(3), TAOK2(6), ZAK(2)144167111262105342631309160.000690.0089
49SPPAPATHWAYThrombin cleaves protease-activated receptors PAR1 and PAR4 to induce calcium influx and activate platelet aggregation, a process inhibited by aspirin.21ITGA1(1), PLA2G4A(3), PLCB1(5), PRKCA(2), PTK2(2)870591311135522040.000790.0099
50HSA04012_ERBB_SIGNALING_ PATHWAYGenes involved in ErbB signaling pathway85ARAF(1), BRAF(4), CAMK2A(1), CAMK2B(3), CAMK2D(1), EGFR(7), KRAS(5), MAP2K4(1), PIK3R5(2), PRKCA(2), PTK2(2), SOS1(3), STAT5B(1)31117333282871179420.000810.0100
51CBLPATHWAYActivated EGF receptors undergo endocytosis into clathrin-coated vesicles, where they are recycled to the membrane or ubiquitinated by Cbl.12CSF1R(2), EGFR(7), MET(2), PRKCA(2)787201312116325210.000930.011
52HSA00061_FATTY_ACID_ BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis6ACACA(2), ACACB(4), OLAH(2)361528882122210.000930.011
53HSA00680_METHANE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in methane metabolism10TPO(6)221276662040200.00110.012
54HSA00940_PHENYLPROPANOID_ BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis7TPO(6)221276662040200.00110.012
55EEA1PATHWAYThe FYVE-finger proteins EEA1 and HRS are localized to endosome membranes and regulate sorting and ubiquitination in the vesicle transport system.7EGFR(7)360557751023200.00110.012
56BLYMPHOCYTEPATHWAYB cells express the major histocompatibility complex (class II MHC), immunoglobulins, adhesion proteins, and other factors on their cell surface.10CR1(3), ITGAL(6), PTPRC(6)908091514151642120.00110.012
57AGPCRPATHWAYG-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) transduce extracellular signals across the plasma membrane; attenuation occurs by signal molecule degradation or receptor-mediated endocytosis.11GNAS(3), PRKCA(2)177335553302000.00130.014
58HBXPATHWAYHbx is a hepatitis B protein that activates a number of transcription factors, possibly by inducing calcium release from the mitochondrion to the cytoplasm.8CREB1(1), PTK2B(2), SOS1(3)202166661122100.00140.015
59HSA04080_NEUROACTIVE_ LIGAND_RECEPTOR_ INTERACTIONGenes involved in neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction238AVPR2(1), CALCR(4), CTSG(1), F2RL2(3), GABBR2(4), GABRA3(2), GABRG3(2), GABRP(1), GABRR1(2), GLP2R(3), GPR156(3), GRIA1(3), GRIK5(1), GRIN2B(8), GRM1(8), GRM2(2), LEPR(1), LTB4R(1), NPY1R(1), NTSR2(1), PARD3(1), PRSS1(2), PTH2R(4), RXFP1(3), THRB(1), TRPV1(1)70307864406420192315340.00160.017
60AKAPCENTROSOMEPATHWAYProtein Kinase A at the Centrosome10AKAP9(4), PRKCE(1)162815551113000.00170.017
61TCYTOTOXICPATHWAYCytotoxic T cells release perforin and granzyme to lyse foreign cell targets and express Fas ligand to promote Fas-induced apoptosis.11ITGAL(6), PTPRC(6)713971211121531120.00170.017
62THELPERPATHWAYHelper T cells coordinate the actions of B cells, macrophages, and other immune cells via surface molecules such as T cell receptor/CD3 and their characteristic marker CD4.11ITGAL(6), PTPRC(6)713971211121531120.00170.017
63CDMACPATHWAYCadmium 2+ promotes cell proliferation in cultured macrophages by entering the cell via calcium channels and activating the MAP kinase pathway.15PLCB1(5), PRKCA(2)533377773400030.00190.019
64PLK3PATHWAYActive Plk3 phosphorylates CDC25c, blocking the G2/M transition, and phosphorylates p53 to induce apoptosis.7ATM(5)165555550111110.00210.020
65CYTOKINEPATHWAYIntercellular signaling in the immune system occurs via secretion of cytokines, which promote antigen-dependent B and T cell response.20IL16(5)224305550040100.00230.021
66LYMPHOCYTEPATHWAYB and T cell lymphocytes interact with other cells via transmembrane adhesion proteins such as CD44, which interacts with endothelial cells.9ITGAL(6), SELE(3)582309790311220.00230.021
67CTLPATHWAYCytotoxic T lymphocytes induce apoptosis in infected cells presenting antigen-MHC-I complexes via the perforin and Fas/Fas ligand pathways.10ITGAL(6)329476560301110.00240.023
68CREBPATHWAYCREB is a transcription factor that binds to cAMP-responsive elements (CREs) to activate transcription in response to extracellular signaling.26CAMK2A(1), CAMK2B(3), CAMK2D(1), CREB1(1), GNAS(3), PRKCA(2), SOS1(3)1081001411146615110.00260.024
69METPATHWAYThe hepatocyte growth factor receptor c-Met stimulates proliferation and alters cell motility and adhesion on binding the ligand HGF.35DOCK1(4), ITGA1(1), MET(2), PTK2(2), PTK2B(2), RASA1(1), SOS1(3)1084771512156336030.00270.024
70ACTINYPATHWAYThe Arp 2/3 complex localizes to the Y-junction of polymerizing actin fibers that enable lamellipod extension and consequent cell motility.18NTRK1(4), WASF1(2), WASF3(1), WASL(2)1132899981020340.00270.024
71BIOPEPTIDESPATHWAYExtracellular signaling peptides exert biological effects via G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), which activate intracellular GTPases.37CAMK2A(1), CAMK2B(3), CAMK2D(1), GNA11(1), JAK2(1), MYLK(4), PRKCA(2), PTK2B(2), SOS1(3), STAT1(2)1499812015206784010.00330.029
72AKAP13PATHWAYA-kinase anchor protein 13 (AKAP13) localizes protein kinase A holoenzyme and is a nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac.7AKAP13(5)195605550111020.00340.029
73G1PATHWAYCDK4/6-cyclin D and CDK2-cyclin E phosphorylate Rb, which allows the transcription of genes needed for the G1/S cell cycle transition.25ATM(5), CDK4(1), CDK6(1), SKP2(2)505029990231210.00350.030
74P53HYPOXIAPATHWAYHypoxia induces p53 accumulation and consequent apoptosis with p53-mediated cell cycle arrest, which is present under conditions of DNA damage.19ABCB1(3), ATM(5)427248882212120.00380.031
75CARDIACEGFPATHWAYCardiac hypertrophy, a response to high blood pressure, is stimulated by GPCR ligands such as angiotensin II that activate the EGF pathway.16ADAM12(2), EGFR(7), PRKCA(2)68471111092333200.00380.031
76EDG1PATHWAYThe lipid S1P is an EDG1 ligand promoting chemotaxis via Rac1 and cell survival and proliferation via ERK activation.22PLCB1(5), PRKCA(2), PTK2(2)637349993411030.00380.031
77PROSTAGLANDIN_AND_ LEUKOTRIENE_METABOLISM31PLA2G4A(3), TPO(6)530629892151200.00400.032
78CFTRPATHWAYThe cAMP-regulated chloride channel CFTR (deficient in cystic fibrosis) is regulated by the surface-localized beta-adrenergic receptor.11GNAS(3)86403332102000.00420.033
79ALTERNATIVEPATHWAYThe alternative complement pathway is an antibody-independent mechanism of immune activation that results in cell lysis via the membrane attack complex.6C3(2), C6(2), C7(3), C9(1)517968885160100.00470.037
80P53PATHWAYp53 induces cell cycle arrest or apoptosis under conditions of DNA damage.16ATM(5), CDK4(1)255256660121110.00480.037
81CCR3PATHWAYCCR3 is a G-protein coupled receptor that recruits eosinophils to inflammation sites via chemokine ligands.21GNAS(3), PLCB1(5), PPP1R12B(2), PRKCA(2), PTK2(2)1244671413146523040.00520.040
82HSA00563_GLYCOSYLPHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL_ ANCHOR_BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in glycosylphosphatidylinositol(GPI)-anchor biosynthesis23PIGG(1), PIGO(2)123513330003000.00560.042
83SIG_BCR_SIGNALING_ PATHWAYMembers of the BCR signaling pathway46BCR(1), BLNK(1), BTK(4), CD22(2), INPP5D(1), ITPR1(2), ITPR2(6), ITPR3(4), LYN(1), PPP3CC(1), PTPRC(6), SOS1(3)343782322632105145170.00600.044
84HSA03030_DNA_POLYMERASEGenes involved in DNA polymerase24POLA2(1), POLD1(2), POLQ(3), REV3L(3)779969892031230.00610.045
85METHANE_METABOLISM13TPO(6)337646662040200.00720.051
86STILBENE_COUMARINE_ AND_LIGNIN_BIOSYNTHESIS10TPO(6)337646662040200.00720.051
87GPCRPATHWAYG-protein coupled receptors activate adenylyl cyclase, which converts ATP to cAMP, to activate second messenger pathways.34CREB1(1), GNAS(3), NFATC3(2), PPP3CC(1), PRKCA(2)778149794403200.00740.052
88INTRINSICPATHWAYThe intrinsic prothrombin activation pathway is activated by traumatized blood vessels and induces clot formation.22COL4A1(2), COL4A3(1), COL4A4(5), COL4A6(8), F5(4)15461020142016494120.00740.052
89SALMONELLAPATHWAYSalmonella induces membrane ruffling in infected cells via bacterial proteins including SipA, SipC, and SopE, which alter actin structure.12WASF1(2), WASL(2)507634440000310.00790.055
90HSA04650_NATURAL_ KILLER_CELL_MEDIATED_ CYTOTOXICITYGenes involved in natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity126ARAF(1), BRAF(4), HCST(1), IFNA16(2), ITGAL(6), KRAS(5), LAT(1), NFAT5(2), NFATC3(2), PIK3R5(2), PPP3CC(1), PRKCA(2), PTK2B(2), SOS1(3)39625534273151487410.00800.055
91TRKAPATHWAYNerve growth factor (NGF) promotes neuronal survival and proliferation by binding its receptor TrkA, which activates PI3K/AKT, Ras, and the MAP kinase pathway.12NTRK1(4), PRKCA(2), SOS1(3)554289883322020.00860.058
92ACHPATHWAYNicotinic acetylcholine receptors are ligand-gated ion channels that primarily mediate neuromuscular signaling and may inhibit neuronal apoptosis via the AKT pathway.13PTK2(2), PTK2B(2), TERT(1)245065551041000.00900.060
93AMIPATHWAYEndogenous anti-thrombosis pathways are overwhelmed in plaque-narrowed blood vessels, resulting in potentially lethal myocardial infarction.21CREBBP(2), GNAS(3), PTPRC(6)688261111114342020.00940.062
94CSKPATHWAYCsk inhibits T-cell activation by phosphorylating Lck; Csk is regulated by cAMP-dependent kinases and is opposed by the T-cell activator CD45.21CREBBP(2), GNAS(3), PTPRC(6)688261111114342020.00940.062
95TYROSINE_METABOLISM32ADH1B(4), ADH6(2), ALDH3A1(1), AOC2(1), DDC(2), TAT(1), TPO(6)1423841716174481220.0100.067
96CCR5PATHWAYCCR5 is a G-protein coupled receptor expressed in macrophages that recognizes chemokine ligands and is targeted by the HIV envelope protein GP120.17PRKCA(2), PTK2B(2)138934441220000.0110.071
97IONPATHWAYActivated phospholipase C hydrolyzes the lipid PIP3 into second messengers DAG, which activates protein kinase C, and IP3, which induces calcium influx into the cytoplasm.4PRKCA(2), PTK2B(2)138934441220000.0110.071
98G_PROTEIN_SIGNALING92ADCY2(4), ADCY3(1), ADCY4(1), ADCY5(4), ADCY8(7), AKAP11(2), AKAP9(4), GNA11(1), ITPR1(2), KRAS(5), PDE1A(1), PDE1B(1), PDE4C(2), PDE7B(1), PDE8A(1), PPP3CC(1), PRKCA(2), PRKCE(1), PRKD3(1)46490142303916121111350.0110.071
99NDKDYNAMINPATHWAYEndocytotic role of NDK, Phosphins and Dynamin19AMPH(3), PICALM(2), PPP3CC(1), SYNJ2(1)435327672412000.0120.075
100ST_PHOSPHOINOSITIDE_ 3_KINASE_PATHWAYThe phosphoinositide-3 kinase pathway produces the lipid second messenger PIP3 and regulates cell growth, survival, and movement.33BTK(4), INPP5D(1), RPS6KA2(1), SOS1(3)588189991133020.0120.075
101ERBB3PATHWAYNeuregulins bind to the receptor tyrosine kinases ErbB3 and ErbB4, surface-localized receptors whose overexpression induces tumor formation.5EGFR(7)581357751023200.0130.078
102RIBOFLAVIN_METABOLISM10ACP5(2), ACPP(1), ENPP3(2)245955550320000.0160.094
103ST_G_ALPHA_S_PATHWAYThe G-alpha-s protein activates adenylyl cyclases, which catalyze cAMP formation.12BFAR(1), BRAF(4), CREB1(1)451106660130200.0170.099
104SIG_REGULATION_OF_ THE_ACTIN_CYTOSKELETON_ BY_RHO_GTPASESGenes related to regulation of the actin cytoskeleton35ACTG2(2), FLNA(1), MYH2(12), MYLK(4), RHO(1), WASF1(2), WASL(2)2630992422244693510.0170.099
105NITROGEN_METABOLISM21CA9(1), CPS1(8)610759992223110.0170.099
106HSA04514_CELL_ADHESION_ MOLECULESGenes involved in cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)130CD22(2), CDH1(1), CDH5(1), CNTN1(6), ITGA8(6), ITGAL(6), ITGAM(3), MAG(2), NLGN2(1), NRCAM(6), PTPRC(6), PTPRF(2), PTPRM(4), SELE(3), SELP(2), VCAN(9)7199936037602219209570.0170.099
107GSPATHWAYActivated G-protein coupled receptors stimulate cAMP production and thus activate protein kinase A, involved in a number of signal transduction pathways.6GNAS(3)136393332102000.0180.10
108NKTPATHWAYT cell differentiation into Th1 and Th2 cells occurs by differential chemokine receptor expression, which mediates tissue localization and immune response.28CXCR3(1), IL12RB2(2)171393231100110.0190.11
109ST_INTERFERON_GAMMA_ PATHWAYThe interferon gamma pathway resembles the JAK-STAT pathway and activates STAT transcription factors.9JAK1(1), JAK2(1), PTPRU(3), STAT1(2)485707771150100.0200.11
110CHREBPPATHWAYCarbohydrate responsive element binding protein (chREBP) is a transcription factor inhibited by cAMP and activated by high carbohydrate levels.17GNAS(3), PRKAG2(1)202804442202000.0200.11
111PANTOTHENATE_AND_ COA_BIOSYNTHESIS12DPYS(3), ENPP3(2), PANK3(1), PANK4(1)471887772330100.0210.12
112ST_TYPE_I_INTERFERON_ PATHWAYType I interferon is an antiviral cytokine that induces a JAK-STAT type pathway leading to ISGF3 activation and a cellular antiviral response.8JAK1(1), PTPRU(3), STAT1(2), STAT2(2)545178881240110.0220.12
113DNA_POLYMERASE7POLD1(2), POLQ(3)389455451011120.0230.13
114HSA00950_ALKALOID_ BIOSYNTHESIS_IGenes involved in alkaloid biosynthesis I5DDC(2), TAT(1)116963331110010.0240.13
115ST_INTEGRIN_SIGNALING_ PATHWAYIntegrins are transmembrane receptors that mediate cell growth, survival, and migration by binding to ligands in the extracellular matrix.78ARHGEF6(4), BRAF(4), DOCK1(4), EPHB2(1), GRLF1(3), ITGA1(1), ITGA11(2), ITGA2(3), ITGA5(1), ITGA7(1), ITGA8(6), MAP2K4(1), MAPK8IP1(1), MYLK(4), PTK2(2), RHO(1), SOS1(3), TLN1(3), TLN2(3)5535634833481214197260.0260.14
116INTEGRIN_MEDIATED_ CELL_ADHESION_KEGG90CAPN11(3), CAPN3(1), CAPN5(2), DOCK1(4), ITGA11(2), ITGA2(3), ITGA5(1), ITGA7(1), ITGA8(6), ITGAD(5), ITGAE(1), ITGAL(6), ITGAM(3), ITGB4(1), MAP2K6(1), PTK2(2), RHO(1), SORBS1(3), SOS1(3), TLN1(3)63996652335215181510360.0270.14
117BILE_ACID_BIOSYNTHESIS27ADH1B(4), ADH6(2), ALDH3A1(1), HADHB(3)678441010101432010.0280.15
118HSA00280_VALINE_ LEUCINE_AND_ISOLEUCINE_ DEGRADATIONGenes involved in valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation44ALDH3A1(1), BCAT2(2), DBT(1), DLD(2), EHHADH(1), HADHB(3), HSD17B4(2), MCCC2(2)1288521414142444200.0290.15
119PLCDPATHWAYPhospholipase C (PLC-d1) hydrolyzes the membrane lipid PIP2 to DAG and IP3, which induce calcium influx and activates protein kinase C.4PLCD1(1), PRKCA(2)210333331300000.0290.15
120HSA00620_PYRUVATE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in pyruvate metabolism42ACACA(2), ACACB(4), ACSS1(1), ALDH3A1(1), DLAT(1), DLD(2), GRHPR(1), HAGH(1), LDHC(1), PC(1)1960901514156426300.0300.15
121SA_TRKA_RECEPTORThe TrkA receptor binds nerve growth factor to activate MAP kinase pathways and promote cell growth.15NTRK1(4), SOS1(3)500557762122020.0300.15
122NFATPATHWAYCardiac hypertrophy is induced by NF-ATc4 and GATA4, which are stimulated through calcineurin activated by CaMK.52CAMK4(3), CREBBP(2), ELSPBP1(2), HAND1(1), MYH2(12), NFATC3(2), PPP3CC(1)2342472320234983210.0300.15
123UREA_CYCLE_AND_METABOLISM_ OF_AMINO_GROUPS20CPS1(8)542898882222110.0300.15
124NO2IL12PATHWAYMacrophages activate NK cells by releasing IL-12, which induces NK cytotoxic activity in coordination with NO produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase II.15CXCR3(1), IL12RB2(2), JAK2(1)255044241110110.0320.16
125ST_JAK_STAT_PATHWAYThe Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway transduces extracellular signals to promote gene activation.9JAK1(1), JAK2(1), PIAS1(1), PTPRU(3)431006660140100.0340.17
126GLYCEROLIPID_METABOLISM45ADH1B(4), ADH6(2), ALDH3A1(1), DGAT1(2), PNLIP(4), PNLIPRP1(3), PNLIPRP2(3)2179411916196572050.0350.17
127AT1RPATHWAYBinding of angiotensin II to AT1-R activates Ca2+ signaling and the JNK pathway.33EGFR(7), MAP2K4(1), PRKCA(2), PTK2(2), PTK2B(2), SOS1(3)1642871715154356210.0360.17
128HSA04520_ADHERENS_ JUNCTIONGenes involved in adherens junction75ACTN3(2), ACVR1C(1), CDH1(1), CREBBP(2), CTNND1(3), EGFR(7), INSR(1), MET(2), PARD3(1), PTPRB(8), PTPRF(2), PTPRJ(2), PTPRM(4), SORBS1(3), WASF1(2), WASF3(1), WASL(2), YES1(3)67201447374510121012760.0370.18
129PTDINSPATHWAYPhosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K) phosphorylate inositol rings of phosphoinositide lipids, influencing vesicle trafficking, cell proliferation, and migration.22BTK(4), LYN(1), PFKP(1), PRKCE(1)755387771013120.0370.18
130TH1TH2PATHWAYHelper T subtype Th1 produces pro-inflammatory cytokines that stimulate phagocytosis, while Th2 cells promote antibody production and activate eosinophils.17IL12RB2(2)146062121000110.0380.18
131STARCH_AND_SUCROSE_ METABOLISM44AGL(3), ENPP3(2), GANAB(1), GCK(2), GPI(2), GYS2(2), HK1(1), MGAM(6), UGT2B15(1)24178620172055121200.0390.18
132TCRAPATHWAYThe kinases Lck and Fyn phosphorylate and activate the T cell receptor, which recognizes antigen-bound MHCII and leads to T cell activation.10PTPRC(6)401626661230010.0390.18
133EPHA4PATHWAYEph Kinases and ephrins support platelet aggregation10ITGA1(1), LYN(1), SELP(2)251784444012010.0400.18
134IL12PATHWAYIL12 and Stat4 Dependent Signaling Pathway in Th1 Development20CXCR3(1), IL12RB2(2), JAK2(1), MAP2K6(1)358245351120110.0410.19
135EGFR_SMRTEPATHWAYEGF receptor activation inhibits SMRT, a transcriptional co-repressor that interacts with transcription factor complexes and gene silencers.10EGFR(7), NCOR2(3), THRB(1)122600111192233300.0410.19
136DCPATHWAYDendritic cells internalize and present antigen, after which they migrate to lymphocyte-rich tissues and induce T and B cell differentiation.21CD5(2), TLR9(3)349825450021110.0430.19
137TNFR1PATHWAYTumor necrosis factor alpha binds to its receptor TNFR1 and induces caspase-dependent apoptosis.28LMNB1(1), MADD(4), MAP2K4(1), PRKDC(5), SPTAN1(3)2687501413143303440.0430.19
138HSA04060_CYTOKINE_ CYTOKINE_RECEPTOR_ INTERACTIONGenes involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction252CSF1R(2), CXCR3(1), EGFR(7), FLT4(5), IFNA16(2), IL10RA(1), IL12RB2(2), IL18RAP(2), IL19(1), IL21R(2), IL28B(1), IL5RA(1), INHBC(1), LEPR(1), LTB(1), MET(2), PDGFRB(3), PLEKHO2(1), TNFRSF1B(1), TPO(6), TSLP(1), XCL1(1)6761364536431781311850.0440.19
139HSA00910_NITROGEN_ METABOLISMGenes involved in nitrogen metabolism24CA9(1), CPS1(8)725759993223110.0440.19
140HSA04150_MTOR_SIGNALING_ PATHWAYGenes involved in mTOR signaling pathway44BRAF(4), EIF4B(2), PIK3R5(2), RICTOR(3), RPS6KA2(1), ULK2(2)1173831412142462110.0440.19
141ST_STAT3_PATHWAYThe transcription factor STAT3 is involved in cell growth regulation and is commonly upregulated in tumors.11JAK1(1), JAK2(1), PTPRU(3)413705550040100.0460.20
142HSA00062_FATTY_ACID_ ELONGATION_IN_MITOCHONDRIAGenes involved in fatty acid elongation in mitochondria10HADHB(3), HSD17B4(2)420765550301100.0460.20
143GLUTAMATE_METABOLISM24CAD(3), CPS1(8)948601111113234110.0470.20
144HSA04660_T_CELL_ RECEPTOR_SIGNALING_ PATHWAYGenes involved in T cell receptor signaling pathway93CDK4(1), CHUK(2), GRAP2(1), KRAS(5), LAT(1), NFAT5(2), NFATC3(2), PIK3R5(2), PPP3CC(1), PTPRC(6), SOS1(3)2872902622235867230.0470.20
145IFNAPATHWAYInterferon alpha, active in the immune response, binds to the IFN receptor and activates Jak1 and Tyk2, which phosphorylate Stat1 and Stat2.8JAK1(1), STAT1(2), STAT2(2)396055551210110.0480.20
146INOSITOL_PHOSPHATE_ METABOLISM23PIK3C2A(1), PIK3C2B(2), PLCB1(5), PLCB4(3), PLCD1(1)1375071210122521130.0530.22
147ST_DIFFERENTIATION_ PATHWAY_IN_PC12_ CELLSRat-derived PC12 cells respond to nerve growth factor (NGF) and PACAP to differentiate into neuronal cells.42BRAF(4), CREB1(1), CREBBP(2), MAP1B(4), MAP2K4(1), MAPK8IP1(1), NTRK1(4), OPN1LW(1)2223301816175570240.0540.23
148GLYCOLYSISPATHWAYGlycolysis is an evolutionarily conserved pathway by which one glucose molecule is converted to two pyruvate molecules for a gain of 2 ATP.9GPI(2), HK1(1), PGK1(2)333605552130010.0560.23
149PYRUVATE_METABOLISM37ACACA(2), ALDH3A1(1), DLAT(1), DLD(2), GRHPR(1), HAGH(1), LDHC(1), PC(1)1378901010104215200.0580.24
150BCRPATHWAYB cell antigen receptors (BCRs) activate tyrosine kinases and transiently increase tyrosine phosphorylation on binding to antigen.34BLNK(1), BTK(4), LYN(1), NFATC3(2), PPP3CC(1), PRKCA(2), SOS1(3)1603311412144416120.0580.24
151GABAPATHWAYGamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter whose receptor is regulated by Plic-1, gephyrin, and GABARAP, which promote receptor clustering.12GABRA3(2)95602222020000.0600.24
152EGFPATHWAYThe epidermal growth factor (EGF) peptide stimulates the EGF receptor to promote cell proliferation via the MAP kinase and Ras pathways.26EGFR(7), JAK1(1), MAP2K4(1), PRKCA(2), RASA1(1), SOS1(3), STAT1(2)2137201714156436310.0640.26
153CALCINEURINPATHWAYIncreased intracellular calcium activates the phosphatase calcineurin in differentiating keratinocytes.18NFATC3(2), PPP3CC(1), PRKCA(2)467455451301100.0650.26
154HSA04640_HEMATOPOIETIC_ CELL_LINEAGEGenes involved in hematopoietic cell lineage86CD1B(2), CD1C(3), CD1E(1), CD22(2), CD36(1), CD5(2), CR1(3), CSF1R(2), GP1BA(1), GP5(1), IL5RA(1), ITGA1(1), ITGA2(3), ITGA5(1), ITGAM(3), TPO(6)387556332433156174240.0660.26
155ST_GAQ_PATHWAYG-alpha-q activates phospholipase C, resulting in calcium influx and increasing protein kinase C activity.27ITPR1(2), ITPR2(6), ITPR3(4)1445621211124170130.0660.26
156HSA00592_ALPHA_LINOLENIC_ ACID_METABOLISMGenes involved in alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism15PLA2G4A(3)136583230111000.0670.27
157FCER1PATHWAYIn mast cells, Fc epsilon receptor 1 activates BTK, PKC, and the MAP kinase pathway to promote degranulation and arachnidonic acid release.37BTK(4), LYN(1), MAP2K4(1), NFATC3(2), PLA2G4A(3), PPP3CC(1), SOS1(3)1810741510153326130.0700.27
158IL10PATHWAYThe cytokine IL-10 inhibits the inflammatory response by macrophages via activation of heme oxygenase 1.13BLVRB(1), IL10RA(1), JAK1(1), STAT1(2)405695551120110.0720.28
159ATMPATHWAYThe tumor-suppressing protein kinase ATM responds to radiation-induced DNA damage by blocking cell-cycle progression and activating DNA repair.19ATM(5), RAD51(1)505466660112110.0720.28
160HSA04070_PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL_ SIGNALING_SYSTEMGenes involved in phosphatidylinositol signaling system73INPP5B(2), INPP5D(1), ITPR1(2), ITPR2(6), ITPR3(4), PIK3C2A(1), PIK3C2B(2), PIK3R5(2), PLCB1(5), PLCB4(3), PLCD1(1), PLCD4(2), PLCE1(2), PRKCA(2), SYNJ2(1)4916803629361011133270.0730.28
161RELAPATHWAYAcetylated NF-kB proteins are immune to IkB regulation and promote transcription until the histone deacetylase HDAC3 deacetylates the RelA subunit of NF-kB.16CHUK(2), CREBBP(2), TNFRSF1B(1)690775551110030.0740.28
162HSA00561_GLYCEROLIPID_ METABOLISMGenes involved in glycerolipid metabolism55ADH1B(4), ADH6(2), ALDH3A1(1), DGAT1(2), GPAM(1), PNLIP(4), PNLIPRP1(3), PNLIPRP2(3)2474502017206573050.0760.29
163HSA00710_CARBON_ FIXATIONGenes involved in carbon fixation23PGK1(2), TKTL1(3)562545550102020.0760.29
164AKTPATHWAYSecond messenger PIP3 promotes cell survival by activating the anti-apoptotic kinase AKT.14CHUK(2)241422220000020.0760.29
1651_AND_2_METHYLNAPHTHALENE_ DEGRADATION7ADH1B(4), ADH6(2)480286660230010.0770.29
166ST_FAS_SIGNALING_ PATHWAYThe Fas receptor induces apoptosis and NF-kB activation when bound to Fas ligand.59BFAR(1), BTK(4), CAD(3), CASP10(2), EGFR(7), EPHB2(1), FAIM2(1), MAP2K4(1), MAPK8IP1(1), MET(2), NFAT5(2), PTPN13(3), TPX2(1)37894629262765810330.0780.29
167G2PATHWAYActivated Cdc2-cyclin B kinase regulates the G2/M transition; DNA damage stimulates the DNA-PK/ATM/ATR kinases, which inactivate Cdc2.22ATM(5), PRKDC(5)120287109102312220.0780.29
168HSA00512_O_GLYCAN_ BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in O-glycan biosynthesis30GALNT1(3), GALNT7(1), GALNT8(1), GALNTL2(2), OGT(2)1373409994131310.0810.30
169TPOPATHWAYThrombopoietin binds to its receptor and activates cell growth through the Erk and JNK MAP kinase pathways, protein kinase C, and JAK/STAT activation.22JAK2(1), PRKCA(2), RASA1(1), SOS1(3), STAT1(2), STAT5B(1)96118109105523000.0840.31
170HSA00330_ARGININE_ AND_PROLINE_METABOLISMGenes involved in arginine and proline metabolism34CPS1(8), NOS3(1)927899992222210.0860.31
171PHENYLALANINE_METABOLISM22ALDH3A1(1), AOC2(1), DDC(2), TAT(1), TPO(6)1059931111114251210.0870.31
172HSA00071_FATTY_ACID_ METABOLISMGenes involved in fatty acid metabolism47ACSL3(1), ACSL5(1), ADH1B(4), ADH6(2), ALDH3A1(1), EHHADH(1), GCDH(1), HADHB(3), HSD17B4(2)1717071615162742120.0880.32
173FASPATHWAYBinding of the Fas ligand to the Fas receptor induces caspase activation and consequent apoptosis in the Fas-expressing cell.27CASP10(2), LMNB1(1), MAP2K4(1), PRKDC(5), PTPN13(3), SPTAN1(3)2049451514154514230.0930.33
174HSA00120_BILE_ACID_ BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in bile acid biosynthesis38ADH1B(4), ADH6(2), ALDH3A1(1), HADHB(3)873841010101432010.0950.34
175STATIN_PATHWAY_PHARMGKB18DGAT1(2), HMGCR(1), LDLR(2), LRP1(6)129836111197245000.0960.34
176ARGININE_AND_PROLINE_ METABOLISM43ALDH3A1(1), AOC2(1), CPS1(8), NOS3(1)1238451111114323210.0960.34
177GCRPATHWAYCorticosteroids activate the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which inhibits NF-kB and activates Annexin-1, thus inhibiting the inflammatory response.17GNAS(3), NOS3(1)468694442102100.0960.34
178HSA04310_WNT_SIGNALING_ PATHWAYGenes involved in Wnt signaling pathway146APC(4), APC2(1), AXIN1(1), CAMK2A(1), CAMK2B(3), CAMK2D(1), CHD8(3), CREBBP(2), CTBP2(1), DVL1(1), DVL3(3), FZD2(1), LRP5(2), LRP6(1), NFAT5(2), NFATC3(2), PLCB1(5), PLCB4(3), PPP2R2A(2), PPP3CC(1), PRKCA(2), SENP2(1), WNT7A(3)7206244635466121473100.1000.34
179MRPPATHWAYCancer cells resistant to numerous drugs are called multidrug-resistant (MDR) and express ATP-binding cassette transporter proteins that pump the drugs out of cells.6ABCB1(3), ABCC1(1), ABCC3(3)599817774221110.100.34
180HSA00641_3_CHLOROACRYLIC_ ACID_DEGRADATIONGenes involved in 3-chloroacrylic acid degradation15ADH1B(4), ADH6(2), ALDH3A1(1)544417771231010.100.34
181ST_DICTYOSTELIUM_ DISCOIDEUM_CAMP_ CHEMOTAXIS_PATHWAYThe fungus Dictyostelium discoideum is a model system for cytoskeletal organization during chemotaxis.32ITPR1(2), ITPR2(6), ITPR3(4), RIPK3(1)1744101312135270130.100.34
182GALACTOSE_METABOLISM24GANAB(1), GCK(2), HK1(1), MGAM(6), PFKP(1)1416631111114251300.100.34
183PPARAPATHWAYPeroxisome proliferators regulate gene expression via PPAR/RXR heterodimers which bind to peroxisome-proliferator response elements (PPREs).50CD36(1), CREBBP(2), EHHADH(1), HSD17B4(2), MRPL11(1), NCOR1(1), NCOR2(3), NR1H3(2), PRKCA(2), STAT5B(1)1932891614165580210.100.35
184ST_WNT_BETA_CATENIN_ PATHWAYBeta-catenin is degraded in the absence of Wnt signaling; when extracellular Wnt binds Frizzled receptors, beta-catenin accumulates in the nucleus and may promote cell survival.31ANKRD6(1), APC(4), AXIN1(1), DVL1(1), FSTL1(4), LRP1(6), SENP2(1)2678421815144538110.100.35
185ST_INTERLEUKIN_4_ PATHWAYLike IL-13, IL-4 is produced by Th2 cells on activation of the T cell antigen receptor, and by mast and basophil cells on activation of the IgE receptor.26INPP5D(1), JAK1(1), JAK2(1), SOS1(3)508146661122100.100.35
186FLUMAZENILPATHWAYFlumazenil is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist that may induce protective preconditioning in ischemic cardiomyocytes.9GABRA3(2), PRKCE(1)194813332021000.100.35
187HSA04910_INSULIN_ SIGNALING_PATHWAYGenes involved in insulin signaling pathway131ACACA(2), ACACB(4), ARAF(1), BRAF(4), GCK(2), GYS2(2), INPP5D(1), INSR(1), IRS4(7), KRAS(5), LIPE(1), PFKP(1), PIK3R5(2), PRKAG2(1), PTPRF(2), SORBS1(3), SOS1(3)73248842343914111210810.110.35
188HSA00562_INOSITOL_ PHOSPHATE_METABOLISMGenes involved in inositol phosphate metabolism47INPP5B(2), PLCB1(5), PLCB4(3), PLCD1(1), PLCD4(2), PLCE1(2), SYNJ2(1)2213701614163642040.110.35
189IFNGPATHWAYIFN gamma signaling pathway6JAK1(1), JAK2(1), STAT1(2)336584441120100.110.35
190HIFPATHWAYUnder normal conditions, hypoxia inducible factor HIF-1 is degraded; under hypoxic conditions, it activates transcription of genes controlled by hpoxic response elements (HREs).13CREB1(1), NOS3(1)411592220000200.110.35
191HSA00591_LINOLEIC_ ACID_METABOLISMGenes involved in linoleic acid metabolism31CYP2C19(1), CYP2E1(1), CYP3A7(3), PLA2G4A(3)667968782241010.110.35
192HSA04610_COMPLEMENT_ AND_COAGULATION_ CASCADESGenes involved in complement and coagulation cascades69C1QA(1), C1QC(1), C2(2), C3(2), C6(2), C7(3), C8B(2), C9(1), CFB(1), CFI(3), CR1(3), F13A1(5), F5(4), SERPIND1(1), VWF(6)480174372837138186320.110.35
193HSA00251_GLUTAMATE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in glutamate metabolism31ADC(1), CAD(3), CPS1(8), EARS2(2), GFPT2(2)1870691616164445120.110.35
194NICOTINATE_AND_NICOTINAMIDE_ METABOLISM13ENPP3(2), NNMT(1), NNT(1), NT5E(1)561595552202100.120.37
195STEROID_BIOSYNTHESIS9HSD17B4(2)192362220100100.120.37
196ST_GRANULE_CELL_ SURVIVAL_PATHWAYThe survival and differentiation of granule cells in the brain is controlled by pro-growth PACAP and pro-apoptotic ceramides.25APC(4), CREB1(1), EPHB2(1), MAP2K4(1), MAPK8IP1(1)908068781131210.120.37
197VALINE_LEUCINE_AND_ ISOLEUCINE_BIOSYNTHESIS7LARS(4), LARS2(1)438675551121100.120.37
198LDLPATHWAYLow density lipoproteins (LDL) are present in blood plasma, contain cholesterol and triglycerides, and contribute to atherogenic plaque formation.6LDLR(2)103362221020000.120.38
199FIBRINOLYSISPATHWAYThrombin cleavage of fibrinogen results in rapid formation of fibrin threads that form a mesh to capture platelets and other blood cells into a clot.12F13A1(5)377815551131000.120.38
200IL7PATHWAYIL-7 is required for B and T cell development and proliferation and may contribute to activation of VDJ recombination.16CREBBP(2), JAK1(1), PTK2B(2), STAT5B(1)624526661130110.130.39
201TOLLPATHWAYToll-like receptors are activated by bacterial lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, and other surface molecules, and activate pro-inflammatory factors such as NF-kB.32CHUK(2), MAP2K4(1), MAP2K6(1), TLR9(3), TOLLIP(1)1737368780111140.130.39
202HSA04330_NOTCH_SIGNALING_ PATHWAYGenes involved in Notch signaling pathway43ADAM17(2), CREBBP(2), CTBP2(1), DLL3(1), DVL1(1), DVL3(3), HDAC2(1), MAML1(1), NCOR2(3), NOTCH1(2), NOTCH4(10), NUMB(1), PSENEN(1), RBPJL(2)38767031233189127120.130.39
203KERATINOCYTEPATHWAYKeratinocyte differentiation, which models the differentiation of epidermal cells, requires the four main MAP kinase pathways.43CHUK(2), EGFR(7), MAP2K4(1), MAP2K6(1), PRKCA(2), PRKCE(1), TNFRSF1B(1)1957921514133334230.130.39
204HSA04662_B_CELL_ RECEPTOR_SIGNALING_ PATHWAYGenes involved in B cell receptor signaling pathway63BLNK(1), BTK(4), CD22(2), CHUK(2), INPP5D(1), KRAS(5), LYN(1), NFAT5(2), NFATC3(2), PIK3R5(2), PPP3CC(1), RASGRP3(1)3498812419215557250.130.39
205HSA00350_TYROSINE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in tyrosine metabolism56ADH1B(4), ADH6(2), ALDH3A1(1), AOC2(1), DDC(2), TAT(1), TPO(6)1997781716176481220.130.39
206GAMMA_HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE_ DEGRADATION31ACP5(2), ACPP(1), ALPP(1), CYP2A13(2), CYP2C19(1), CYP2E1(1), CYP3A7(3), CYP4F8(2)1689811312132390010.130.40
207HSA01040_POLYUNSATURATED_ FATTY_ACID_BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis13HSD17B12(1)24571110010000.130.40
208CARM1PATHWAYThe methyltransferase CARM1 interacts with transcription factors such as CBP/p300 and methylates histones H3 and H4.13CREB1(1), CREBBP(2)386233331010110.130.40
209CELL_CYCLE_KEGG82ATM(5), CDH1(1), CDK4(1), HDAC2(1), HDAC5(1), MCM2(1), ORC2L(1), ORC3L(2), PLK1(1), PRKDC(5), RBL1(1), SKP2(2), TBC1D8(2)2936072421245874320.130.40
210HSA00740_RIBOFLAVIN_ METABOLISMGenes involved in riboflavin metabolism16ACP5(2), ACP6(1), ACPP(1), ENPP3(2)565086660330000.130.40
211HSA00052_GALACTOSE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in galactose metabolism32GCK(2), HK1(1), MGAM(6), PFKP(1)1386381010104241300.140.40
212RNAPATHWAYdsRNA-activated protein kinase phosphorylates elF2a, which generally inhibits translation, and activates NF-kB to provoke inflammation.9CHUK(2)371952220000020.140.40
213CREMPATHWAYThe transcription factor CREM activates a post-meiotic transcriptional cascade culminating in spermatogenesis.7CREM(1), GNAS(3)301694442112000.140.40
214FXRPATHWAYThe nuclear receptor transcription factors FXR and LXR are activated by cholesterol metabolites and regulate cholesterol homeostasis.6LDLR(2), NR1H3(2)342124442040000.140.41
215D4GDIPATHWAYD4-GDI inhibits the pro-apoptotic Rho GTPases and is cleaved by caspase-3.12CASP10(2)242402220001100.150.41
216HSA00360_PHENYLALANINE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in phenylalanine metabolism27ALDH3A1(1), AOC2(1), DDC(2), TAT(1), TPO(6)1198031111116251210.150.41
217TUBBYPATHWAYTubby is activated by phospholipase C activity and hydrolysis of PIP2, after which it enters the nucleus and regulates transcription.7PLCB1(5)1093555551200030.150.41
2181_2_DICHLOROETHANE_ DEGRADATION8ALDH3A1(1)64131111001000.150.41
219ASCORBATE_AND_ALDARATE_ METABOLISM8ALDH3A1(1)64131111001000.150.41
220HSA00053_ASCORBATE_ AND_ALDARATE_METABOLISMGenes involved in ascorbate and aldarate metabolism9ALDH3A1(1)64131111001000.150.41
221HSA04920_ADIPOCYTOKINE_ SIGNALING_PATHWAYGenes involved in adipocytokine signaling pathway71ACACB(4), ACSL3(1), ACSL5(1), ADIPOR1(1), CAMKK1(1), CD36(1), CHUK(2), IRS4(7), JAK1(1), JAK2(1), LEPR(1), PRKAG2(1), TNFRSF1B(1)3604762321234672440.160.44
222ACE_INHIBITOR_PATHWAY_ PHARMGKB8NOS3(1), REN(1)244802221100100.160.44
223HSA00670_ONE_CARBON_ POOL_BY_FOLATEGenes involved in one carbon pool by folate16ALDH1L1(2), MTHFD1L(1)255093334110010.160.44
224ONE_CARBON_POOL_ BY_FOLATE15ALDH1L1(2), MTHFD1L(1)255093334110010.160.44
225CDC42RACPATHWAYPI3 kinase stimulates cell migration by activating cdc42, which activates ARP2/3, which in turn promotes formation of new actin fibers.14WASL(2)325122220000110.160.44
226NTHIPATHWAYHemophilus influenzae infections activate NF-kB via several pathways, inducing the inflammatory response.22CHUK(2), CREBBP(2), MAP2K6(1)1022725551020030.170.47
227HSA00640_PROPANOATE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in propanoate metabolism33ACACA(2), ACACB(4), ACSS1(1), ALDH3A1(1), EHHADH(1), LDHC(1)1481711010106224200.170.47
228HSA00760_NICOTINATE_ AND_NICOTINAMIDE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism22ENPP3(2), NNMT(1), NNT(1), NT5E(1)631015552202100.180.48
229FRUCTOSE_AND_MANNOSE_ METABOLISM25GCK(2), GMPPA(4), HK1(1), PFKP(1)1548588783032300.180.49
230VEGFPATHWAYVascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is upregulated by hypoxic conditions and promotes normal blood vessel formation and angiogenesis related to tumor growth or cardiac disease.25EIF2B4(2), FLT4(5), NOS3(1), PRKCA(2), PTK2(2)1550901211121433200.180.49
231ST_ERK1_ERK2_MAPK_ PATHWAYThe Erk1 and Erk2 MAP kinase pathways are regulated by Raf, Mos, and Tpl-2.29BRAF(4), CREB1(1), RPS6KA2(1), SOS1(3)1110589992232200.190.50
232ERK5PATHWAYSignaling between a tissue and its innervating axon stimulates retrograde transport via Trk receptors, which activate Erk5, which induces transcription of anti-apoptotic factors.17CREB1(1), NTRK1(4)824325542020120.190.50
233TELPATHWAYTelomerase is a ribonucleotide protein that adds telomeric repeats to the 3' ends of chromosomes.15EGFR(7), POLR2A(1), PRKCA(2), TERT(1)13590411993243200.190.50
234IL22BPPATHWAYIL-22 is produced by T cells and induces the acute phase inflammatory response in hepatocytes.13IL10RA(1), JAK1(1), JAK2(1), STAT1(2), STAT5B(1)686986661220110.190.50
235P27PATHWAYp27 blocks the G1/S transition by inhibiting the checkpoint kinase cdk2/cyclin E and is inhibited by cdk2-mediated ubiquitination.12SKP2(2)234002220010100.190.50
236SKP2E2FPATHWAYE2F-1, a transcription factor that promotes the G1/S transition, is repressed by Rb and activated by cdk2/cyclin E.9SKP2(2)234002220010100.190.50
237ERBB4PATHWAYErbB4 (aka HER4) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that binds neuregulins as well as members of the EGF family, which also target EGF receptors.6ADAM17(2), PRKCA(2)345354443211000.190.51
238ST_B_CELL_ANTIGEN_ RECEPTORB cell receptors bind antigens and promote B cell activation.39BCR(1), BLNK(1), BTK(4), EPHB2(1), LYN(1), NFAT5(2), SOS1(3)2095461313132146020.200.51
23941BBPATHWAYTNF-type receptor 4-1BB is bound by TRAF1 to activate the MAP kinase pathway in activated T cells.18CHUK(2)505462220000020.200.51
240HSA00534_HEPARAN_ SULFATE_BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in heparan sulfate biosynthesis19EXT2(1), EXTL1(1), NDST2(2)366194441220000.200.51
241ST_GA12_PATHWAYG-alpha-12 promotes cell survival and proliferation, is involved in the stress response, and activates JNK.22BTK(4), EPHB2(1), F2RL2(3), PTK2(2)1198641010102143020.200.52
242HSA04630_JAK_STAT_ SIGNALING_PATHWAYGenes involved in Jak-STAT signaling pathway152CREBBP(2), IFNA16(2), IL10RA(1), IL12RB2(2), IL19(1), IL21R(2), IL28B(1), IL5RA(1), JAK1(1), JAK2(1), LEPR(1), PIAS1(1), PIK3R5(2), SOS1(3), STAT1(2), STAT2(2), STAT5B(1), TPO(6), TSLP(1)467142332533118124450.200.52
243HSA00030_PENTOSE_ PHOSPHATE_PATHWAYGenes involved in pentose phosphate pathway26GPI(2), PFKP(1), PGD(1), TKTL1(3)1130307774022210.210.53
244RASPATHWAYRas activation stimulates many signaling cascades, including PI3K/AKT activation to inhibit apoptosis.21CHUK(2)491522221000020.210.54
245ST_IL_13_PATHWAYLike IL-4, IL-13 is produced by Th2 cells on activation of the T cell antigen receptor, and by mast and basophil cells on activation of the IgE receptor.7JAK1(1), JAK2(1)264582220010100.210.54
246ST_INTERLEUKIN_13_ PATHWAYIL-13 is produced by Th2 cells on activation of the T cell antigen receptor, and by mast and basophil cells on activation of the IgE receptor.7JAK1(1), JAK2(1)264582220010100.210.54
247SIG_IL4RECEPTOR_ IN_B_LYPHOCYTESGenes related to IL4 rceptor signaling in B lymphocytes27JAK1(1), SOS1(3)580064442102100.220.55
248APOPTOSIS_KEGG48CASP10(2), NTRK1(4), PTPN13(3), SFRS2IP(1), TNFRSF1B(1)128774119103341120.230.58
249TCRPATHWAYT cell receptors bind to foreign peptides presented by MHC molecules and induce T cell activation.42LAT(1), MAP2K4(1), NFATC3(2), PPP3CC(1), PRKCA(2), RASA1(1), SOS1(3)1626631110115504110.240.58
250HSA00220_UREA_CYCLE_ AND_METABOLISM_OF_ AMINO_GROUPSGenes involved in urea cycle and metabolism of amino groups30ADC(1), ALDH3A1(1), AOC2(1), CPS1(8)1415401111115323120.240.58
251PMLPATHWAYRing-shaped PML nuclear bodies regulate transcription and are required co-activators in p53- and DAXX-mediated apoptosis.13CREBBP(2), PML(1), SP100(2), TNFRSF1B(1)750156661113010.240.58
252IL4PATHWAYIL-4 promotes Th2 cell differentiation via a heterodimeric receptor that activates Stat6/JAK and MAP kinase pathways.11JAK1(1)198051110000100.250.61
253HSA04340_HEDGEHOG_ SIGNALING_PATHWAYGenes involved in Hedgehog signaling pathway56CSNK1G1(1), GLI1(5), LRP2(3), STK36(2), WNT7A(3)1689671413142373100.260.63
254HSA04210_APOPTOSISGenes involved in apoptosis82ATM(5), CASP10(2), CHUK(2), IRAK2(2), IRAK3(2), NTRK1(4), PIK3R5(2), PPP3CC(1)3443162018193382250.260.63
255HSA00361_GAMMA_HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE_ DEGRADATIONGenes involved in gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane degradation23ACP5(2), ACP6(1), ACPP(1), ALPP(1), CYP3A7(3)984568781250010.260.63
256IL2PATHWAYIL-2 promotes proliferation via JAK and MAP kinase and has surface receptors on activated B cells, LPS-treated monocytes, and many T cells.22JAK1(1), SOS1(3), STAT5B(1)731255552202100.260.64
257SRCRPTPPATHWAYActivation of Src by Protein-tyrosine phosphatase alpha9PRKCA(2)259462221200000.270.64
258SIG_PIP3_SIGNALING_ IN_CARDIAC_MYOCTESGenes related to PIP3 signaling in cardiac myocytes63CREB1(1), F2RL2(3), IFI27(1), IRS4(7), MET(2), NOLC1(1), PARD3(1), PTK2(2), RPS6KA2(1), SOS1(3)3429702219225568210.270.64
259TSP1PATHWAYThrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) inhibits angiogenesis by inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis in microvascular endothelial cells.7CD36(1)52361110010000.270.64
260EXTRINSICPATHWAYThe extrinsic prothrombin activation pathway requires the release of thromboplastin from damaged tissues to activate the blood clotting cascade.13F5(4)369414444121000.270.64
261PURINE_METABOLISM110ADA(1), ADCY2(4), ADCY3(1), ADCY4(1), ADCY5(4), ADCY8(7), ENPP3(2), GUCY2C(3), IMPDH2(1), NT5E(1), PAPSS2(1), PDE1A(1), PDE4C(2), PDE6C(2), PDE7B(1), PDE8A(1), PFAS(1), POLD1(2), POLQ(3), POLR2A(1), POLR2G(1), RRM1(1)784889422942186158490.270.64
262TALL1PATHWAYAPRIL and BAFF bind to BCMA and TACI receptors on B cell surfaces, promoting immunoglobulin production and cell proliferation.15CHUK(2)658652220000020.270.65
263VIPPATHWAYApoptosis of activated T cells is inhibited by vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and its relative PACAP.27CHUK(2), PPP3CC(1)679183330100020.280.65
264PENTOSE_PHOSPHATE_ PATHWAY23GPI(2), PFKP(1), PGD(1)973504444020200.280.65
265S1PPATHWAYAt low cholesterol concentrations, sterol-regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) act as transcription factors to promote cholesterol uptake and biosynthesis.7LDLR(2)166382221020000.280.66
266HSA00565_ETHER_LIPID_ METABOLISMGenes involved in ether lipid metabolism30AGPS(1), ENPP2(2), PLA2G4A(3)617626563132000.290.67
267GLYCINE_SERINE_AND_ THREONINE_METABOLISM37AOC2(1), DLD(2), GARS(1), GCAT(2), GLDC(4), PSPH(1), SARDH(1)1558331210122441120.290.68
268HSA00500_STARCH_ AND_SUCROSE_METABOLISMGenes involved in starch and sucrose metabolism83AGL(3), DDX4(1), DDX54(1), ENPP3(2), GCK(2), GPI(2), GYS2(2), HK1(1), MGAM(6), RUVBL2(1), SETX(1), SKIV2L2(2), SMARCA2(3), TREH(1), UGT2B15(1)52600729242899121520.300.68
269HSA00401_NOVOBIOCIN_ BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in novobiocin biosynthesis3TAT(1)94281111100000.300.68
270RAC1PATHWAYRac-1 is a Rho family G protein that stimulates formation of actin-dependent structures such as filopodia and lamellopodia.22MYLK(4), PPP1R12B(2), TRIO(2), WASF1(2)164348108104141220.300.68
271FATTY_ACID_BIOSYNTHESIS_ PATH_29EHHADH(1), HADHB(3)400574440211000.300.68
272HSA04620_TOLL_LIKE_ RECEPTOR_SIGNALING_ PATHWAYGenes involved in Toll-like receptor signaling pathway100CHUK(2), IFNA16(2), MAP2K4(1), MAP2K6(1), PIK3R5(2), STAT1(2), TLR9(3), TOLLIP(1)2547631412144441140.300.69
273HSP27PATHWAYHsp27 oligomers have molecular chaperone activity and protect heat-stressed cells against apoptosis.15MAPKAPK2(1)98101110100000.310.69
274HSA00650_BUTANOATE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in butanoate metabolism45AACS(1), ACSM1(1), ALDH3A1(1), EHHADH(1), HSD17B4(2)827896663212100.310.69
275MALATEXPATHWAYThe tricarboxylate transfer pathway shuttles acetyl groups of acetyl-CoA between mitochondria and the cytoplasm.8ACLY(2), PC(1)753473321003000.310.69
276SIG_INSULIN_RECEPTOR_ PATHWAY_IN_CARDIAC_ MYOCYTESGenes related to the insulin receptor pathway49BRD4(3), F2RL2(3), IRS4(7), PARD3(1), RPS6KA2(1), SORBS1(3), SOS1(3)3168342118215557220.310.69
277BIOGENIC_AMINE_SYNTHESIS15DDC(2)272282220010010.310.69
278HIVNEFPATHWAYHIV-infected CD4 helper T cells may express Fas ligand, which binds to the Fas receptors of uninfected cells and induces apoptosis.52CHUK(2), LMNB1(1), PRKDC(5), PTK2(2), RASA1(1), SPTAN1(3), TNFRSF1B(1)2916541514154415140.320.71
279LEPTINPATHWAYLeptin is a peptide secreted by adipose tissue that, in skeletal muscle, promotes fatty acid oxidation, decreases cells' lipid content, and promotes insulin sensitivity.10ACACA(2), LEPR(1), PRKAG2(1)513574442111100.320.71
280CDC25PATHWAYThe protein phosphatase Cdc25 is phosphorylated by Chk1 and activates Cdc2 to stimulate eukaryotic cells into M phase.8ATM(5)700445550111110.330.72
281CD40PATHWAYThe CD40 receptor is a TNF-type receptor that regulates immunoglobulin expression in B cells and moderates T cell activation via T-cell expression of its ligand.13CHUK(2)793002220000020.330.73
282BUTANOATE_METABOLISM27AACS(1), ALDH3A1(1), EHHADH(1)399333332012000.330.73
283MEF2DPATHWAYMef2 transcription factors promote calcium-induced apoptosis in T cells and are regulated by MAP kinases and histone deacetylases.18CABIN1(2), HDAC2(1), PPP3CC(1), PRKCA(2)1080456561401010.340.73
284HSA04115_P53_SIGNALING_ PATHWAYGenes involved in p53 signaling pathway65ATM(5), BAI1(1), CDK4(1), CDK6(1), LRDD(1)1363699991231210.340.75
285HSA04740_OLFACTORY_ TRANSDUCTIONGenes involved in olfactory transduction30ADCY3(1), ADRBK2(1), CAMK2A(1), CAMK2B(3), CAMK2D(1), CLCA4(3), CNGB1(1)128815119112442010.350.76
286SA_CASPASE_CASCADEApoptosis is mediated by caspases, cysteine proteases arranged in a proteolytic cascade.15CASP10(2)473422220001100.350.76
287GLYCOLYSIS_AND_GLUCONEOGENESISGenes involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis43DLAT(1), DLD(2), GCK(2), GPI(2), HK1(1), LDHC(1), PC(1), PFKP(1), PGK1(2)2239031313136252310.360.77
288ATRBRCAPATHWAYBRCA1 and 2 block cell cycle progression in response to DNA damage and promote double-stranded break repair; mutations induce breast cancer susceptibility.21ATM(5), FANCG(2), RAD51(1)1450728881113120.360.77
289HSA00051_FRUCTOSE_ AND_MANNOSE_METABOLISMGenes involved in fructose and mannose metabolism40GMPPA(4), HK1(1), PFKP(1)1328216662022200.360.77
290HSA00130_UBIQUINONE_ BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in ubiquinone biosynthesis8COQ3(1)185981110000010.360.77
291PTENPATHWAYPTEN suppresses AKT-induced cell proliferation and antagonizes the action of PI3K.16PTK2(2), SOS1(3)694115552113000.360.77
292HSA05130_PATHOGENIC_ ESCHERICHIA_COLI_ INFECTION_EHECGenes involved in pathogenic Escherichia coli infection - EHEC51CDH1(1), PRKCA(2), TUBA4A(1), TUBB4(1), WASL(2)1614687773500110.370.77
293HSA05131_PATHOGENIC_ ESCHERICHIA_COLI_ INFECTION_EPECGenes involved in pathogenic Escherichia coli infection - EPEC51CDH1(1), PRKCA(2), TUBA4A(1), TUBB4(1), WASL(2)1614687773500110.370.77
294APOPTOSIS68BIRC5(1), CASP10(2), CHUK(2), MAP2K4(1), TNFRSF1B(1)1846147670102130.370.77
295STRESSPATHWAYTumor necrosis factor receptor TNFR1 promotes apoptosis and activates the pro-inflammatory NF-kB, while TNFR2 activates stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs).25CHUK(2), MAP2K4(1), MAP2K6(1)1638534440010030.370.78
296CIRCADIANPATHWAYA heterodimer composed of Bmal1 and Clock acts as a transcription factor for proteins that regulate circadian rhythms, such as Per and Cry.6PER1(1)165341110001000.380.79
297GLEEVECPATHWAYThe drug Gleevec specifically targets the abnormal bcr-abl protein, an apoptosis inhibitor present in chronic myeloid leukemia.22BCR(1), JAK2(1), MAP2K4(1), SOS1(3), STAT1(2), STAT5B(1)1030879893332010.380.79
298ETSPATHWAYThe Ets transcription factors are activated by Ras and promote macrophage differentiation.18CSF1R(2), DDX20(1), HDAC2(1), HDAC5(1), NCOR2(3), RBL1(1)1372549995412110.380.79
299TNFR2PATHWAYTumor necrosis factor beta, produced by activated lymphocytes, binds to its receptor TNFR2 to induce activation in immune cells and apoptosis in many other cells.18CHUK(2), TNFRSF1B(1)891403330100020.390.79
300GLUCONEOGENESIS53ADH1B(4), ADH6(2), ALDH3A1(1), DLAT(1), DLD(2), GCK(2), GPI(2), HK1(1), LDHC(1), PFKP(1), PGK1(2)3035511918198482320.390.79
301GLYCOLYSIS53ADH1B(4), ADH6(2), ALDH3A1(1), DLAT(1), DLD(2), GCK(2), GPI(2), HK1(1), LDHC(1), PFKP(1), PGK1(2)3035511918198482320.390.79
302HSA04110_CELL_CYCLEGenes involved in cell cycle110ATM(5), CDK4(1), CDK6(1), CREBBP(2), HDAC2(1), MCM2(1), ORC2L(1), ORC3L(2), PLK1(1), PRKDC(5), RBL1(1), SKP2(2), SMC1A(1)3653812422243765330.390.79
303FMLPPATHWAYThe fMLP receptor is a G-protein coupled receptor in neutrophils that recognizes formylated bacterial peptides and activates NADPH oxidase.37MAP2K6(1), NFATC3(2), PLCB1(5), PPP3CC(1)1978249892311130.390.79
304HSA00770_PANTOTHENATE_ AND_COA_BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis16BCAT2(2), DPYS(3), ENPP3(2), PANK3(1), PANK4(1)1174429992341100.390.79
305ACETAMINOPHENPATHWAYAcetaminophen selectively inhibits Cox-3, which is localized to the brain, and yields the toxic metabolite NAPQI when processed by CAR in the liver.5CYP2E1(1)83981111010000.390.79
306ST_T_CELL_SIGNAL_ TRANSDUCTIONOn activation of the T cell receptor, phospholipase C is activated to produce second messengers DAG and PIP3, both required for T cell activation.44EPHB2(1), GRAP2(1), LAT(1), NFAT5(2), PTPRC(6), RASGRP3(1), SOS1(3)2049131514154554010.390.79
307CHOLESTEROL_BIOSYNTHESIS15HMGCR(1)165161110001000.400.80
308PLCEPATHWAYGs-coupled receptors activate adenylyl cyclase, which activates Epac1, leading to the stimulation of PLC and subsequent DAG and IP3 production.12GNAS(3), PLCE1(2)748195553202010.400.81
309HSA05120_EPITHELIAL_ CELL_SIGNALING_IN_ HELICOBACTER_PYLORI_ INFECTIONGenes involved in epithelial cell signaling in Helicobacter pylori infection66ADAM17(2), ATP6V1B1(1), ATP6V1H(1), CHUK(2), EGFR(7), LYN(1), MAP2K4(1), MET(2)3158311714153246230.410.81
310NOTCHPATHWAYProteolysis and Signaling Pathway of Notch5ADAM17(2), NOTCH1(2)594574442112000.410.81
311PPARGPATHWAYPPAR-gamma is a nuclear hormone receptor that is activated by fatty acids and regulates transcription through co-activations like Src-1 and Tif2.7CREBBP(2)335272221010010.410.81
312RBPATHWAYThe ATM protein kinase recognizes DNA damage and blocks cell cycle progression by phosphorylating chk1 and p53, which normally inhibits Rb to allow G1/S transitions.12ATM(5), CDK4(1)833356660121110.410.82
313VALINE_LEUCINE_AND_ ISOLEUCINE_DEGRADATION36ALDH3A1(1), EHHADH(1), HADHB(3), MCCC2(2)810307772232000.420.82
314BIOSYNTHESIS_OF_ STEROIDS14HMGCR(1)175961110001000.420.82
315CARBON_FIXATION21PGK1(2)405742220100010.420.83
316PROPANOATE_METABOLISM31ACACA(2), ALDH3A1(1), EHHADH(1), LDHC(1)1140915555013100.430.84
317HSA05110_CHOLERA_ INFECTIONGenes involved in cholera - infection41ACTG2(2), ADCY3(1), ARF5(1), ATP6V1H(1), GNAS(3), PRKCA(2), SEC61A1(1)1590801111113423020.430.84
318CASPASEPATHWAYCaspases are cysteine proteases active in apoptosis; caspase-8 and 9 cleave and activate other caspases, while 3, 6, and 7 cleave cellular targets.21CASP10(2), LMNB1(1)840493230001110.440.85
319HSA00902_MONOTERPENOID_ BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in monoterpenoid biosynthesis2CYP2C19(1)98401110010000.440.85
320PITX2PATHWAYThe bicoid-related transcription factor Pitx2 is activated by Wnt binding to the Frizzled receptor and induces tissue-specific cell proliferation.14APC(4), AXIN1(1), CREBBP(2), DVL1(1)1161228882141110.440.85
321DNA_REPLICATION_ REACTOME42MCM2(1), ORC2L(1), ORC3L(2), POLA2(1), POLD1(2)1090177670123010.450.86
322NGFPATHWAYNerve growth factor (NGF) stimulates neural survival and proliferation via the TrkA and p75 receptors, which induce DAG and IP3 production and activate Ras.18SOS1(3)490003332102000.460.89
323SA_B_CELL_RECEPTOR_ COMPLEXESAntigen binding to B cell receptors activates protein tyrosine kinases, such as the Src family, which ultimate activate MAP kinases.24BCR(1), BLNK(1), LYN(1), SOS1(3)1300116664114000.470.89
324CACAMPATHWAYCalcium functions as a second messenger activating the calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinases, which phosphorylate targets such as CREB.14CAMK2A(1), CAMK2B(3), CAMK2D(1), CAMK4(3), CAMKK1(1), CREB1(1)134245109101341110.470.89
325PS1PATHWAYPresenilin is required for gamma-secretase activity to activate Notch signaling; presenilin also inhibits beta-catenin in the Wnt/Frizzled pathway.12ADAM17(2), APC(4), AXIN1(1), DVL1(1), NOTCH1(2)142052109103243100.470.90
326IGF1RPATHWAYInsulin-like growth factor receptor IGF-1R promotes cell growth and inhibits apoptosis on binding of ligands IGF-1 and 2 via Ras activation and the AKT pathway.15SOS1(3)518723332102000.480.90
327WNT_SIGNALINGWnt signaling genes59APC(4), AXIN1(1), DVL1(1), DVL3(3), FZD2(1), LDLR(2), PPP2R5C(1), PRKCA(2), PRKCE(1), WNT7A(3)2531001916193493120.480.91
328MITOCHONDRIAL_FATTY_ ACID_BETAOXIDATION15ACSL3(1), EHHADH(1)386592220010010.490.91
329SHHPATHWAYSonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling in the developing CNS induces neuronal proliferation via interaction with the patched (Ptc-1) and smoothened receptors.14DYRK1A(1)324481110000010.490.91
330HSA00020_CITRATE_ CYCLEGenes involved in citrate cycle (TCA cycle)27ACLY(2), DLD(2), IDH3B(1), OGDH(1), PC(1)1741837761114100.490.91
331FOSBPATHWAYFOSB gene expression and drug abuse5FOSB(1)230671110100000.490.91
332P38MAPKPATHWAYThe Rho family GTPases activate the p38 MAPKs under environmental stress or in the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines.39CREB1(1), DDIT3(1), MAP2K4(1), MAP2K6(1), MAPKAPK2(1), PLA2G4A(3), STAT1(2)149462109102431110.500.93
333DEATHPATHWAYDeath receptors such as Fas and DR3, 4, and 5 transduce pro-apoptotic signaling by oligomerizing to activate the caspase cascade.32CASP10(2), CHUK(2), SPTAN1(3)1762607671103120.500.93
334HSA00624_1_AND_2_ METHYLNAPHTHALENE_ DEGRADATIONGenes involved in 1- and 2-methylnaphthalene degradation22ADH1B(4), ADH6(2)900966662230010.510.93
335TGFBPATHWAYThe TGF-beta receptor responds to ligand binding by activating the SMAD family of transcriptional regulations, commonly blocking cell growth.13APC(4), CDH1(1), CREBBP(2)1118817772131110.510.94
336GPCRDB_OTHER53CELSR1(2), CELSR3(6), CXCR3(1), EMR2(1), EMR3(2), GPR116(1), GPR61(1), GRM1(8), LGR6(2), OR8G2(2)3862442622266895220.510.94
337ST_JNK_MAPK_PATHWAYJNKs are MAP kinases regulated by several levels of kinases (MAPKK, MAPKKK) and phosphorylate transcription factors and regulatory proteins.38DLD(2), GCK(2), MAP2K4(1), MAP3K12(1), NFATC3(2), ZAK(2)276848108104132310.510.94
338GLUCOCORTICOID_MINERALOCORTICOID_ METABOLISM8CYP11B2(2)234662224020000.510.94
339TRYPTOPHAN_METABOLISM54ALDH3A1(1), AOC2(1), CYP2A13(2), CYP2C19(1), CYP2E1(1), CYP3A7(3), CYP4F8(2), DDC(2), EHHADH(1), GCDH(1), WARS(1)2405551615165482020.520.94
340NUCLEAR_RECEPTORS40ALK(7), NR0B1(2), NR1H3(2), RORC(1), THRB(1)1906221312134352210.530.95
341HSA00232_CAFFEINE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in caffeine metabolism7CYP2A13(2)269512220020000.530.95
342ALKPATHWAYActivin receptor-like kinase 3 (ALK3) is required during gestation for cardiac muscle development.32APC(4), AXIN1(1), DVL1(1)896756661131100.530.96
343FOLATE_BIOSYNTHESIS9ALPP(1), GGH(2)351603231111000.530.96
344NUCLEOTIDE_METABOLISM14POLD1(2), RRM1(1)842383330002010.540.97
345CIRCADIAN_EXERCISE40PER1(1), ZFR(2)725583331011100.540.97
346STAT3PATHWAYThe STAT transcription factors are phosphorylated and activated by JAK kinases in response to cytokine signaling.7JAK1(1), JAK2(1)520592221010100.540.97
347SA_REG_CASCADE_OF_ CYCLIN_EXPRExpression of cyclins regulates progression through the cell cycle by activating cyclin-dependent kinases.13CDK4(1)132811110010000.550.97
348FEEDERPATHWAYSugars such as mannose, galactose, and fructose are enzymatically converted to glucose via feeder pathways that lead to glycolysis.9HK1(1), TREH(1)510752122010100.550.98
349MTORPATHWAYMammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) senses mitogenic factors and nutrients, including ATP, and induces cell proliferation.21EIF4B(2), EIF4G3(4)815096560222000.550.98
350O_GLYCAN_BIOSYNTHESIS14GALNT1(3), GALNT7(1), GALNT8(1)1066435553120110.560.98
351SA_PTEN_PATHWAYPTEN is a tumor suppressor that dephosphorylates the lipid messenger phosphatidylinositol triphosphate.16PTK2B(2), SOS1(3)689315552122000.560.98
352SELENOAMINO_ACID_ METABOLISM12MARS(1), PAPSS2(1)260752221020000.560.98
353IGF1PATHWAYGrowth factor IGF-1 stimulates growth and inhibits apoptosis by activating the MAP kinase pathway in a variety of cell types.20RASA1(1), SOS1(3)978294443103000.570.99
354HISTONE_METHYLTRANSFERASEGenes with HMT activity57ASH1L(3), DOT1L(1), MLL(2), MLL4(2), OGT(2), SETD1A(1), SETD2(4), WHSC1L1(4)4772561917197543430.570.99
355CHEMICALPATHWAYDNA damage promotes Bid cleavage, which stimulates mitochondrial cytochrome c release and consequent caspase activation, resulting in apoptosis.20ATM(5), PRKCA(2), PTK2(2), STAT1(2), TLN1(3)2259391413142542120.570.99
356IL3PATHWAYIL-3 promotes proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells via a heterodimeric receptor that activates the Stat5 and MAP kinase pathways.15JAK2(1), SOS1(3), STAT5B(1)896545552212000.580.99
357LIMONENE_AND_PINENE_ DEGRADATION12ALDH3A1(1), EHHADH(1)330932221011000.580.99
358CYSTEINE_METABOLISM8LDHC(1)251981113001000.580.99
359HSA00272_CYSTEINE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in cysteine metabolism17LDHC(1)251981113001000.580.99
360AMINOACYL_TRNA_BIOSYNTHESIS21GARS(1), HARS(1), LARS(4), LARS2(1), MARS(1), WARS(1)1548609894152100.581.00
361NFKBPATHWAYInactive nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) is inhibited by the IkB family in the cytoplasm; active NF-kB is localized in the nucleus and regulates transcription of a variety of genes.22CHUK(2), TNFRSF1B(1)1327513330100020.591.00
362HSA00310_LYSINE_ DEGRADATIONGenes involved in lysine degradation47ALDH3A1(1), DOT1L(1), EHHADH(1), GCDH(1), HSD17B4(2), OGDH(1), SETD1A(1)2005878882321200.591.00
363PYK2PATHWAYPyk2 and Rac1 stimulate the JNK cascade and activate MKK3, which activates p38.28MAP2K4(1), PRKCA(2), PTK2B(2), SOS1(3)1102328883322010.591.00
364HSA03060_PROTEIN_ EXPORTGenes involved in protein export8OXA1L(1)152401110010000.591.00
365HSA00100_BIOSYNTHESIS_ OF_STEROIDSGenes involved in biosynthesis of steroids24HMGCR(1)268361110001000.591.00
366HSA01031_GLYCAN_ STRUCTURES_BIOSYNTHESIS_ 2Genes involved in glycan structures - biosynthesis 260B4GALT3(1), PIGG(1), PIGO(2)1181504440013000.591.00
367IL6PATHWAYIL-6 binding to its receptor activates JAK kinases and a variety of transcription factors, with effects in neuronal differentiation, bone loss, and inflammation.21JAK1(1), JAK2(1), SOS1(3)1073155552112100.601.00
368GLUTATHIONE_METABOLISM31PGD(1)748451111000100.601.00
369GPCRDB_CLASS_A_RHODOPSIN_ LIKE164AVPR2(1), CXCR3(1), F2RL2(3), LTB4R(1), NPY1R(1), NTSR2(1), RGR(1), RHO(1)310776109101322300.611.00
370HSA04120_UBIQUITIN_ MEDIATED_PROTEOLYSISGenes involved in ubiquitin mediated proteolysis39SKP2(2), SMURF1(1), SMURF2(2)1008185550211100.611.00
371HSA04140_REGULATION_ OF_AUTOPHAGYGenes involved in regulation of autophagy29IFNA16(2), ULK2(2)681254440220000.611.00
372MCALPAINPATHWAYIn integrin-mediated cell migration, calpains digest links between the actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion proteins.24CXCR3(1), EGFR(7), ITGA1(1), MYLK(4), PTK2(2), TLN1(3)2876591816165374220.621.00
373HSA04614_RENIN_ANGIOTENSIN_ SYSTEMGenes involved in renin-angiotensin system17ACE2(1), CTSG(1), REN(1)807953331101100.621.00
374EIF4PATHWAYThe eIF-4F complex recognizes 5' mRNA caps, recruits RNA helicases, and maintains mRNA-ribosome bridging.22EIF4G3(4), PRKCA(2)953056662321000.621.00
375HSA05050_DENTATORUBROPALLIDOLUYSIAN_ ATROPHYGenes involved in dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA)15INSR(1), MAGI1(3)1009824441201100.621.00
376HSA00010_GLYCOLYSIS_ AND_GLUCONEOGENESISGenes involved in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis64ACSS1(1), ADH1B(4), ADH6(2), ALDH3A1(1), DLAT(1), DLD(2), GCK(2), GPI(2), HK1(1), LDHC(1), PFKP(1), PGK1(2)3623702019209582320.621.00
377HSA00521_STREPTOMYCIN_ BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in streptomycin biosynthesis10GCK(2), HK1(1)761383333020100.621.00
378STREPTOMYCIN_BIOSYNTHESIS8GCK(2), HK1(1)761383333020100.621.00
379CXCR4PATHWAYCXCR4 is a G-protein coupled receptor that responds to the ligand SDF-1 by activating Ras and PI3 kinase to promote lymphocyte chemotaxis.23PRKCA(2), PTK2(2), PTK2B(2)832306662231000.631.00
380CITRATE_CYCLE_TCA_ CYCLE20DLD(2), IDH3B(1), PC(1)1101034440102100.631.00
381ST_GA13_PATHWAYG-alpha-13 influences the actin cytoskeleton and activates protein kinase D, PI3K, and Pyk2.35ARHGEF11(2), LPA(8), MAP2K4(1), PTK2(2)259577139131255010.631.00
382SA_G1_AND_S_PHASESCdk2, 4, and 6 bind cyclin D in G1, while cdk2/cyclin E promotes the G1/S transition.15CDK4(1)170111110010000.631.00
383HSA00260_GLYCINE_ SERINE_AND_THREONINE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in glycine, serine and threonine metabolism45AOC2(1), DLD(2), GARS(1), GCAT(2), GLDC(4), PSPH(1), SARDH(1)2135631210122441120.641.00
384WNTPATHWAYThe Wnt glycoprotein binds to membrane-bound receptors such as Frizzled to activate a number of signaling pathways, including that of beta-catenin.23APC(4), AXIN1(1), CREBBP(2), DVL1(1)1411388882141110.641.00
385BENZOATE_DEGRADATION_ VIA_COA_LIGATION10EHHADH(1), GCDH(1)337012220110000.641.00
386PDGFPATHWAYPlatelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor is phosphorylated on ligand binding and promotes cell proliferation.26JAK1(1), MAP2K4(1), PRKCA(2), RASA1(1), SOS1(3), STAT1(2)180665109105413110.641.00
387NUCLEOTIDE_GPCRS8LTB4R(1)570001110000100.641.00
388MPRPATHWAYProgesterone binding to its intracellular receptor activates the MAPK pathway and induces oocyte maturation; binding to membrane receptor inhibits adenylyl cyclase.22GNAS(3)749673333102000.651.00
389HCMVPATHWAYCytomegalovirus activates MAP kinase pathways in the host cell, inducing transcription of viral genes.16CREB1(1), MAP2K6(1)853352221010100.651.00
390HSA00290_VALINE_ LEUCINE_AND_ISOLEUCINE_ BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis12BCAT2(2), LARS(4), LARS2(1), VARS(2)2342889992133200.651.00
391IL2RBPATHWAYThe beta subunit of the IL-2 receptor is required for IL-2 and IL-15 signal recognition and activates JAK kinase on ligand binding.34JAK1(1), SOS1(3), STAT5B(1)1242965553202100.651.00
392HSA00230_PURINE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in purine metabolism142ADA(1), ADCY2(4), ADCY3(1), ADCY4(1), ADCY5(4), ADCY8(7), AK7(3), ENPP3(2), GUCY2C(3), IMPDH2(1), NT5E(1), PAPSS2(1), PDE10A(4), PDE1A(1), PDE4C(2), PDE7B(1), PDE8A(1), PFAS(1), POLA2(1), POLD1(2), POLR2A(1), POLR2G(1), RRM1(1)8298234532451791511370.661.00
393GLYOXYLATE_AND_DICARBOXYLATE_ METABOLISM12GRHPR(1), MTHFD1L(1)539612221200000.661.00
394APOPTOSIS_GENMAPP42MAP2K4(1), PARP1(1), TNFRSF1B(1)1192973330100110.661.00
395HSA00252_ALANINE_ AND_ASPARTATE_METABOLISMGenes involved in alanine and aspartate metabolism33AARS2(2), CAD(3), DLAT(1), DLD(2), NARS2(1), PC(1)235144109102233200.671.00
396PELP1PATHWAYPelp1 acts downstream of activated estrogen receptor to promote cell proliferation and is overexpressed in many breast tumors.7CREBBP(2)591282222010010.671.00
397HSA00860_PORPHYRIN_ AND_CHLOROPHYLL_ METABOLISMGenes involved in porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism41BLVRB(1), CP(3), EARS2(2), UGT2B15(1)1562177770412000.681.00
398HSA04742_TASTE_TRANSDUCTIONGenes involved in taste transduction48ADCY4(1), ADCY8(7), CACNA1A(1), GNAS(3), ITPR3(4), PDE1A(1)29732517151713455120.681.00
399CLASSICPATHWAYThe classic complement pathway is initiated by antibodies and promotes phagocytosis and lysis of foreign cells as well as activating the inflammatory response.13C1QA(1), C2(2), C3(2), C6(2), C7(3), C9(1)2235311111115270110.681.00
400HSA00630_GLYOXYLATE_ AND_DICARBOXYLATE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism13GRHPR(1), MTHFD1L(1)563472221200000.681.00
401BOTULINPATHWAYBlockade of Neurotransmitter Relase by Botulinum Toxin5CHRNA1(3)1135963330200100.691.00
402PORPHYRIN_AND_CHLOROPHYLL_ METABOLISM26BLVRB(1), CP(3), UGT2B15(1)966865550311000.701.00
403METHIONINE_METABOLISM12DNMT1(1), MARS(1)390832221020000.701.00
404KREBS_TCA_CYCLE30DLAT(1), DLD(2), IDH3B(1), OGDH(1), PC(1)1300236660122100.701.00
405HSA00790_FOLATE_ BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in folate biosynthesis41ALPP(1), DDX4(1), DDX54(1), GGH(2), RUVBL2(1), SETX(1), SKIV2L2(2), SMARCA2(3)3001301210115521220.711.00
406HSA00930_CAPROLACTAM_ DEGRADATIONGenes involved in caprolactam degradation13EHHADH(1), HSD17B4(2)1006403330110100.711.00
407COMPPATHWAYBoth the classic and alternative immune complement pathways promote inflammation, foreign cell lysis, and phagocytosis.16C1QA(1), C2(2), C3(2), C6(2), C7(3), C9(1)2298371111115270110.711.00
408HSA00970_AMINOACYL_ TRNA_BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis38AARS2(2), EARS2(2), GARS(1), HARS(1), LARS(4), LARS2(1), MARS(1), NARS2(1), VARS(2), WARS(1)3990791614165364300.721.00
409IL1RPATHWAYThe cytokine IL-1 stimulates its primary receptor, IL-1R1, which induces transcription of inflammation-related genes such as interferons.31CHUK(2), IRAK2(2), IRAK3(2), MAP2K6(1), TOLLIP(1)1984978880150020.731.00
410IL5PATHWAYPro-inflammatory IL-5 is secretes by activated T cells, eosinophils, and mast cells, and stimulates the proliferation and activation of eosinophils in bone marrow.10IL5RA(1)218401110010000.731.00
411G1_TO_S_CELL_CYCLE_ REACTOME65ATM(5), CDK4(1), CREB3L3(1), MCM2(1), ORC2L(1), ORC3L(2), POLA2(1), RBL1(1), TNXB(5)3999101815183463320.731.00
412HISTIDINE_METABOLISM24ALDH3A1(1), AOC2(1), DDC(2), HARS(1)849835552121010.741.00
413SETPATHWAYCytotoxic T cells release perforin, which to allow entry into target cells of granzyme B, which activates caspases, and granzyme A, which induces caspase-independent apoptosis.11CREBBP(2)706442221010010.741.00
414OVARIAN_INFERTILITY_ GENES25ATM(5), CDK4(1), NCOR1(1), ZP2(1)1372368783231110.741.00
415CALCINEURIN_NF_AT_ SIGNALINGMouse genes associated with signal transduction through calcium, calcineurin, and NF-AT.92CABIN1(2), CAMK2B(3), CAMK4(3), CREBBP(2), GRLF1(3), KPNA5(1), NFAT5(2), NFATC3(2), PPP3CC(1), PTPRC(6)4380122520253794140.751.00
416COMPLEMENT_ACTIVATION_ CLASSICAL15C1QA(1), C2(2), C3(2), C6(2), C7(3), C8B(2), C9(1)2322911313135371110.751.00
417RARRXRPATHWAYRXR and RAR suppress transcription in the absence of ligand and, on binding trans- or 9-cis-retinoic acid, are ubiquitinated to allow transcription to proceed.14NCOR2(3), POLR2A(1)1109014441120100.761.00
418HSA00271_METHIONINE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in methionine metabolism17DNMT1(1), MARS(1), TAT(1)559513332120000.761.00
419HSA04710_CIRCADIAN_ RHYTHMGenes involved in circadian rhythm11PER1(1)514881112001000.771.00
420HSA00400_PHENYLALANINE_ TYROSINE_AND_TRYPTOPHAN_ BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis9TAT(1)343881111100000.771.00
421DREAMPATHWAYThe transcription factor DREAM blocks expression of the prodynorphin gene, which encodes the ligand of an opioid receptor that blocks pain signaling.13CREB1(1), CREM(1), POLR2A(1)1149283331020100.781.00
422PEPTIDE_GPCRS66ATP8A1(1), AVPR2(1), CXCR3(1), NPY1R(1), NTSR2(1)1097755450121100.781.00
423GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN_ DEGRADATION11IDUA(1)829921110000010.781.00
424HSA00980_METABOLISM_ OF_XENOBIOTICS_BY_ CYTOCHROME_P450Genes involved in metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P45070ADH1B(4), ADH6(2), ALDH3A1(1), CYP2C19(1), CYP2E1(1), CYP3A7(3), DHDH(1), UGT2B15(1)2684791412142561020.791.00
425UBIQUINONE_BIOSYNTHESIS15NDUFA8(1), NDUFV1(1)552412120020000.791.00
426TIDPATHWAYOn ligand binding, interferon gamma receptors stimulate JAK2 kinase to phosphorylate STAT transcription factors, which promote expression of interferon responsive genes.18JAK2(1), TNFRSF1B(1)425052220110000.791.00
427SA_BONE_MORPHOGENETICBone morphogenetic protein binds to its receptor to induce ectopic bone formation and promote development of the viscera.4BMP1(1)529021110001000.791.00
428ALANINE_AND_ASPARTATE_ METABOLISM21CAD(3), PC(1)1767954441013000.801.00
429C21_STEROID_HORMONE_ METABOLISM11CYP11B2(2)410642225020000.801.00
430HSA00140_C21_STEROID_ HORMONE_METABOLISMGenes involved in C21-steroid hormone metabolism11CYP11B2(2)410642225020000.801.00
431CERAMIDEPATHWAYCeramide is a lipid signaling molecule that can activate proliferative or apoptotic pathways, depending on signaling context, localization, and cell type.21MAP2K4(1)885811111000010.801.00
432HSA00720_REDUCTIVE_ CARBOXYLATE_CYCLEGenes involved in reductive carboxylate cycle (CO2 fixation)11ACLY(2), ACSS1(1)1027203322102000.811.00
433HSA03022_BASAL_TRANSCRIPTION_ FACTORSGenes involved in basal transcription factors33GTF2H1(1), TAF1(3), TAF2(3), TAF7L(1)2315338782024110.821.00
434HSA01030_GLYCAN_ STRUCTURES_BIOSYNTHESIS_ 1Genes involved in glycan structures - biosynthesis 1109B4GALT3(1), CHPF(1), EXT2(1), EXTL1(1), FUT8(2), GALNT1(3), GALNT7(1), GALNT8(1), GALNTL2(2), GANAB(1), MAN1B1(2), NDST2(2), OGT(2)4831972017207483320.831.00
435INTEGRINPATHWAYIntegrins are cell surface receptors commonly present at focal adhensions that interact with the extracellular matrix and transduce extracellular signaling.35ACTN3(2), BCR(1), ITGA1(1), PPP1R12B(2), PTK2(2), SOS1(3), TLN1(3)3640691411145353030.841.00
436HSA00590_ARACHIDONIC_ ACID_METABOLISMGenes involved in arachidonic acid metabolism51ALOX12B(1), CYP2C19(1), CYP2E1(1), PLA2G4A(3)1189886562141000.841.00
437HSA00920_SULFUR_ METABOLISMGenes involved in sulfur metabolism14PAPSS2(1), SULT1A2(1)440222220110000.841.00
438SULFUR_METABOLISM9PAPSS2(1), SULT1A2(1)440222220110000.841.00
439GSK3PATHWAYBacterial lipopolysaccharide activates AKT to promote the survival and activation of macrophages and inhibits Gsk3-beta to promote beta-catenin accumulation in the nucleus.26APC(4), AXIN1(1), DVL1(1), TOLLIP(1)1479097771231100.851.00
440AMINOSUGARS_METABOLISM15GCK(2), HK1(1), RENBP(1)1477064442021100.851.00
441PGC1APATHWAYPCG-1a is expressed in skeletal muscle, heart muscle, and brown fat, and is a coactivator for receptors such as glucocorticoid receptor and thyroid hormone receptor.23CAMK2A(1), CAMK2B(3), CAMK2D(1), CAMK4(3), HDAC5(1), PPP3CC(1)274413108102531010.871.00
442ECMPATHWAYExtracellular matrix induces integrin-mediated FAK phosphorylation in epithelial cells, leading to PI3 and MAP kinase activation and actin reorganization.22ITGA1(1), MYLK(4), PTK2(2), TLN1(3)2469121010104251020.871.00
443MAPKPATHWAYThe mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway is a common signaling mechanism and has four main sub-pathways: Erk, JNK/SAPK, p53, and ERK5.85BRAF(4), CHUK(2), CREB1(1), MAP2K4(1), MAP2K6(1), MAP3K12(1), MAP4K3(1), MAPKAPK2(1), RPS6KA2(1), RPS6KA4(1), STAT1(2)4985141616166370240.881.00
444EPOPATHWAYErythropoietin, which activates the MAPK pathway, stimulates erythrocyte production and is an effective treatment for anemia.19JAK2(1), SOS1(3), STAT5B(1)1241985552212000.881.00
445HSA04350_TGF_BETA_ SIGNALING_PATHWAYGenes involved in TGF-beta signaling pathway89ACVR1C(1), ACVRL1(1), CREBBP(2), ID3(1), INHBC(1), NODAL(1), PPP2R2A(2), RBL1(1), SMURF1(1), SMURF2(2)3719831313136433210.881.00
446UBIQUITIN_MEDIATED_ PROTEOLYSIS23NRF1(1), UBE2L6(1)483822220110000.881.00
447PENTOSE_AND_GLUCURONATE_ INTERCONVERSIONS18UGT2B15(1)472491110100000.881.00
448HSA00150_ANDROGEN_ AND_ESTROGEN_METABOLISMGenes involved in androgen and estrogen metabolism54ARSD(2), CYP11B2(2), HSD17B12(1), UGT2B15(1)1729906665150000.891.00
449HSA00511_N_GLYCAN_ DEGRADATIONGenes involved in N-glycan degradation15MAN2B1(2)1608212220100100.891.00
450SIG_CD40PATHWAYMAPGenes related to CD40 signaling33MAP2K4(1), MAPK8IP1(1)1111082222100010.891.00
451INSULINPATHWAYInsulin regulates glucose levels via Ras-mediated transcriptional activation.21INSR(1), RASA1(1), SOS1(3)2677615554104000.891.00
452ST_P38_MAPK_PATHWAYp38 is a MAP kinase regulated by cytokines and cellular stress.35CREB1(1), MAP2K4(1), MAP2K6(1), MAPKAPK2(1)1751714440110110.891.00
453CELLCYCLEPATHWAYCyclins interact with cyclin-dependent kinases to form active kinase complexes that regulate progression through the cell cycle.22CDK4(1), CDK6(1), RBL1(1)807833330210000.901.00
454HSA00410_BETA_ALANINE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in beta-alanine metabolism25ALDH3A1(1), AOC2(1), DPYS(3), EHHADH(1)1134006663231000.901.00
455NKCELLSPATHWAYNatural killer (NK) lymphocytes are inhibited by MHC and activated by surface glycoproteins on tumor or virus-infected cells, which undergo perforin-mediated lysis.20LAT(1), PTK2B(2)829343332120000.911.00
456ALKALOID_BIOSYNTHESIS_ II5AOC2(1)545071111100000.911.00
457ANDROGEN_AND_ESTROGEN_ METABOLISM30ARSD(2), CYP11B2(2), UGT2B15(1)1341035555140000.911.00
458N_GLYCAN_BIOSYNTHESIS21B4GALT3(1), FUT8(2), MAN1B1(2)1204895550121010.911.00
459DNAFRAGMENTPATHWAYDNA fragmentation during apoptosis is effected by DFF, a caspase-activated DNAse, and by endonuclease G.10TOP2A(1)679301110001000.911.00
460UCALPAINPATHWAYCalpains promote formation of integrin adhesion clusters which recruit Rac to enable the formation of mature focal adhesions that do not contain calpain.16ACTN3(2), ITGA1(1), PTK2(2), SPTAN1(3), TLN1(3)2765741110112333020.911.00
461HSA00040_PENTOSE_ AND_GLUCURONATE_ INTERCONVERSIONSGenes involved in pentose and glucuronate interconversions25UGT2B15(1)542091110100000.921.00
462HSA00532_CHONDROITIN_ SULFATE_BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis17CHPF(1)967901110001000.921.00
463IRINOTECAN_PATHWAY_ PHARMGKB17ABCC1(1), ABCC2(1)910682224020000.931.00
464LYSINE_DEGRADATION31ALDH3A1(1), DOT1L(1), EHHADH(1), GCDH(1)1193454441211000.941.00
465PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL_ SIGNALING_SYSTEM82ACVRL1(1), AURKB(1), PIK3C2A(1), PIK3C2B(2), PLCB1(5), PLCB4(3), PLCD1(1), PRKCA(2), PRKCE(1), RPS6KA2(1), RPS6KA4(1)5300141917194843130.941.00
466HSA00380_TRYPTOPHAN_ METABOLISMGenes involved in tryptophan metabolism58ALDH3A1(1), AOC2(1), DDC(2), EHHADH(1), GCDH(1), HSD17B4(2), OGDH(1), WARS(1)2123461010103332110.941.00
467HSA00340_HISTIDINE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in histidine metabolism41ALDH3A1(1), AOC2(1), DDC(2), HARS(1)1370115552121010.941.00
468HSA00533_KERATAN_ SULFATE_BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in keratan sulfate biosynthesis16B4GALT3(1), FUT8(2)802333330111000.951.00
469HSA00564_GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPID_ METABOLISMGenes involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism64GPAM(1), PLA2G4A(3)1437374342112000.961.00
470PYRIMIDINE_METABOLISM55CAD(3), DPYS(3), NT5E(1), POLD1(2), POLQ(3), POLR2A(1), POLR2G(1), RRM1(1)3840661513153165120.961.00
471ACETYLCHOLINE_SYNTHESIS800000000001.001.00
472BBCELLPATHWAYFas ligand expression by T cells induces apoptosis in Fas-expressing, inactive B cells.400000000001.001.00
473BLOOD_GROUP_GLYCOLIPID_ BIOSYNTHESIS_NEOLACTOSERIES700000000001.001.00
474CYANOAMINO_ACID_ METABOLISM500000000001.001.00
475EOSINOPHILSPATHWAYRecruitment of eosinophils in the inflammatory response observed in asthma occurs via the chemoattractant eotaxin binding to the CCR3 receptor.800000000001.001.00
476ERYTHPATHWAYErythropoietin selectively stimulates erythrocyte differentiation from CFU-GEMM cells in bone marrow.1500000000001.001.00
477HSA00031_INOSITOL_ METABOLISMGenes involved in inositol metabolism200000000001.001.00
478HSA00072_SYNTHESIS_ AND_DEGRADATION_ OF_KETONE_BODIESGenes involved in synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies900000000001.001.00
479HSA00300_LYSINE_ BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in lysine biosynthesis400000000001.001.00
480HSA00471_D_GLUTAMINE_ AND_D_GLUTAMATE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism400000000001.001.00
481HSA00472_D_ARGININE_ AND_D_ORNITHINE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in D-arginine and D-ornithine metabolism100000000001.001.00
482HSA00550_PEPTIDOGLYCAN_ BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis200000000001.001.00
483HSA00627_1,4_DICHLOROBENZENE_ DEGRADATIONGenes involved in 1,4-dichlorobenzene degradation100000000001.001.00
484HSA00643_STYRENE_ DEGRADATIONGenes involved in styrene degradation300000000001.001.00
485HSA00660_C5_BRANCHED_ DIBASIC_ACID_METABOLISMGenes involved in C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism200000000001.001.00
486HSA00780_BIOTIN_ METABOLISMGenes involved in biotin metabolism400000000001.001.00
487HSA00785_LIPOIC_ ACID_METABOLISMGenes involved in lipoic acid metabolism200000000001.001.00
488HSA00830_RETINOL_ METABOLISMGenes involved in retinol metabolism400000000001.001.00
489IL18PATHWAYPro-inflammatory IL-18 is activated in macrophages by caspase-1 cleavage and, in conjunction with IL-12, stimulates Th1 cell differentiation.600000000001.001.00
490INOSITOL_METABOLISM500000000001.001.00
491LONGEVITYPATHWAYCaloric restriction in animals often increases lifespan, which may occur via decreased IGF receptor expression and consequent expression of stress-resistance proteins.1300000000001.001.00
492LYSINE_BIOSYNTHESIS500000000001.001.00
493METHIONINEPATHWAYCatabolic Pathways for Methionine, Isoleucine, Threonine and Valine500000000001.001.00
494MTA3PATHWAYThe estrogen receptor regulates proliferation in mammary epithelia via MTA3 activation; loss of either protein is implicated in breast cancer.1000000000001.001.00
495NEUROTRANSMITTERSPATHWAYBiosynthesis of neurotransmitters600000000001.001.00
496PEPIPATHWAYProepithelin (PEPI) induces epithelial cells to secrete IL-8, which promotes elastase secretion by neutrophils.300000000001.001.00
497RANPATHWAYRanGEF (aka RCC1) and RanGFP regulate the GTP- or GDP-bound state of Ran, creating a Ran gradient across the nuclear membrane that is used in nuclear import.400000000001.001.00
498SLRPPATHWAYSmall leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) interact with and reorganize collagen fibers in the extracellular matrix.500000000001.001.00
499ST_PAC1_RECEPTOR_ PATHWAYThe signaling peptide PACAP binds to its receptor, PAC1R, which activates adenylyl cyclase and phospholipase C.600000000001.001.00
500SYNTHESIS_AND_DEGRADATION_ OF_KETONE_BODIES400000000001.001.00
501VOBESITYPATHWAYThe adipose tissue of obese individuals overexpresses a key glucocorticoid-metabolizing enzyme, activating inactive circulating corticosteroids and inducing insulin resistance.700000000001.001.00
502HSA03320_PPAR_SIGNALING_ PATHWAYGenes involved in PPAR signaling pathway67ACSL3(1), ACSL5(1), CD36(1), EHHADH(1), NR1H3(2), SLC27A1(1), SLC27A4(1), SORBS1(3)2285631111112352011.001.00
503BETA_ALANINE_METABOLISM27ALDH3A1(1), AOC2(1), DPYS(3), EHHADH(1)1375206664231001.001.00
504CELL2CELLPATHWAYEpithelial cell adhesion proteins such as cadherins transduce signals into the cell via catenins, which alter cell shape and motility.13ACTN3(2), PTK2(2)942584340121001.001.00
505GLYCEROPHOSPHOLIPID_ METABOLISM49AGPS(1), PLA2G4A(3)1024614341121001.001.00
506PROSTAGLANDIN_SYNTHESIS_ REGULATION29PLA2G4A(3)838843230111001.001.00
507KERATAN_SULFATE_ BIOSYNTHESIS10B4GALT3(1), FUT8(2)912113330111001.001.00
508HSA00903_LIMONENE_ AND_PINENE_DEGRADATIONGenes involved in limonene and pinene degradation26ALDH3A1(1), CYP2C19(1), EHHADH(1)924663333021001.001.00
509MRNA_PROCESSING_ REACTOME92DDIT3(1), DDX20(1), DHX8(2), POLR2A(1), PPM1G(1), PRPF3(1), RBM5(1), SF3B1(2), SFRS14(1), SRRM1(2), SUPT5H(2)4651081512154733201.001.00
510TRANSLATION_FACTORS37EIF2AK1(2), EIF2B4(2), EIF4G3(4)2510808880431001.001.00
511CARM_ERPATHWAYMethyltransferase CARM1 methylates CBP and co-activates estrogen receptors via Grip1.26CREBBP(2), HDAC2(1), HDAC5(1), NCOR2(3), NR0B1(2), POLR2A(1)3177241010105440111.001.00
512HSA00240_PYRIMIDINE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in pyrimidine metabolism86CAD(3), DPYS(3), NT5E(1), POLA2(1), POLD1(2), POLR2A(1), POLR2G(1), RRM1(1)4314841311132165011.001.00
513RHOPATHWAYRhoA is a G protein whose active form stabilizes actin structures such as focal adhesions and activates Rock1, which phosphorylates myosin light chains.30ARHGEF11(2), MYLK(4), PPP1R12B(2), TLN1(3)371849119112351021.001.00
514HSA00510_N_GLYCAN_ BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in N-glycan biosynthesis41B4GALT3(1), FUT8(2), GANAB(1), MAN1B1(2)2105056562131011.001.00
515RACCYCDPATHWAYRas, Rac, and Rho coordinate to induce cyclin D1 expression and activate cdk2 to promote the G1/S transition.22CDK4(1), CDK6(1)729022221110001.001.00
516GHPATHWAYGrowth hormone receptors dimerize on ligand binding and activate the JAK2 protein kinase.25INSR(1), JAK2(1), PRKCA(2), SOS1(3), STAT5B(1)2924918884413001.001.00
517HSA00450_SELENOAMINO_ ACID_METABOLISMGenes involved in selenoamino acid metabolism26MARS(1), PAPSS2(1)770822221020001.001.00
518HDACPATHWAYMyocyte enhancer factor MEF2 activates transcription of genes required for muscle cell differentiation and is inhibited by histone deacetylases.30CABIN1(2), HDAC5(1), INSR(1), MAP2K6(1), PPP3CC(1)2484506562212011.001.00
519HSA03050_PROTEASOMEGenes involved in proteasome22PSMB5(1), PSMB6(1), PSMD1(1)1253303330120001.001.00
520HSA00530_AMINOSUGARS_ METABOLISMGenes involved in aminosugars metabolism29GFPT2(2), HK1(1), RENBP(1)1690134442121001.001.00
521OXIDATIVE_PHOSPHORYLATION60ATP6V1B1(1), ATP6V1H(1), ATP7A(2), NDUFA8(1), NDUFV1(1)2730786560240001.001.00
522SMALL_LIGAND_GPCRS14DNMT1(1)473231110010001.001.00
523HSA00632_BENZOATE_ DEGRADATION_VIA_ COA_LIGATIONGenes involved in benzoate degradation via CoA ligation24EHHADH(1), GCDH(1)984712222110001.001.00
524KREBPATHWAYThe Krebs (citric acid) cycle takes place in mitochondria, where it extracts energy in the form of electron carriers NADH and FADH2, which drive the electron transport chain.8OGDH(1)513601110010001.001.00
525PROTEASOMEPATHWAYUbiquitinated proteins are targeted for proteolytic degradation by the proteasome, where they are unfolded and degraded to small peptides in an ATP-dependent process.20PSMB5(1), PSMB6(1)1027562220020001.001.00
526EPONFKBPATHWAYThe cytokine erythropoietin (Epo) prevents stress-induced neuronal apoptosis by stimulating anti-apoptotic pathways through JAK2 kinase and NF-kB.11JAK2(1)521661110010001.001.00
527HSA04612_ANTIGEN_ PROCESSING_AND_PRESENTATIONGenes involved in antigen processing and presentation73CREB1(1), IFNA16(2), TAP2(1)2319004441120101.001.00
528HSA00531_GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN_ DEGRADATIONGenes involved in glycosaminoglycan degradation17HGSNAT(3), IDUA(1)2329724441210011.001.00
529PROTEASOME17PSMB5(1), PSMB6(1)1173962220020001.001.00
530PARKINPATHWAYIn Parkinson's disease, dopaminergic neurons contain Lewy bodies consisting of alpha-synuclein and parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets glycosylated alpha-synuclein.10SNCAIP(1), UBE2L6(1)1206002220110001.001.00
531HSA01032_GLYCAN_ STRUCTURES_DEGRADATIONGenes involved in degradation of glycan structures29HGSNAT(3), IDUA(1), MAN2B1(2)3727936661310111.001.00
532HSA00602_GLYCOSPHINGOLIPID_ BIOSYNTHESIS_NEO_ LACTOSERIESGenes involved in glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - neo-lactoseries21B4GALT3(1)643251110010001.001.00
533SA_MMP_CYTOKINE_ CONNECTIONCytokines can induce activation of matrix metalloproteinases, which degrade extracellular matrix.15TNFRSF1B(1)676791112100001.001.00
534SODDPATHWAYSome members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family have cytoplasmic death domains that promote apoptosis when active and are repressed by silencers called SODDs.10TNFRSF1B(1)711351110100001.001.00
535HSA00190_OXIDATIVE_ PHOSPHORYLATIONGenes involved in oxidative phosphorylation113ATP4A(1), ATP6V1B1(1), ATP6V1H(1), NDUFA8(1), NDUFV1(1)3572035352130011.001.00
536CAPROLACTAM_DEGRADATION5EHHADH(1)720831110010001.001.00
537ATP_SYNTHESIS21ATP6V1B1(1), ATP6V1H(1)1470532220110001.001.00
538FLAGELLAR_ASSEMBLY21ATP6V1B1(1), ATP6V1H(1)1470532220110001.001.00
539PHOTOSYNTHESIS22ATP6V1B1(1), ATP6V1H(1)1470532220110001.001.00
540TYPE_III_SECRETION_ SYSTEM21ATP6V1B1(1), ATP6V1H(1)1470532220110001.001.00
541GLYCOSPHINGOLIPID_ METABOLISM23ARSD(2)1480042220020001.001.00
542SARSPATHWAYThe SARS coronavirus has a 30kb RNA genome containing rep, a large gene encoding viral protease Mpro.10LDHC(1)753931112001001.001.00
543PHENYLALANINE_TYROSINE_ AND_TRYPTOPHAN_BIOSYNTHESIS9TAT(1)760181111100001.001.00
544ST_TUMOR_NECROSIS_ FACTOR_PATHWAYTumor necrosis factor is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that activates NF-kB and c-Jun.28MAP2K4(1), TNFRSF1B(1)1583392221100011.001.00
545MSPPATHWAYMacrophage stimulating protein is synthesized as pro-MSP by the liver and, on proteolysis, binds to monocyte receptor kinase RON to induce macrophage development.6MST1(1), MST1R(1)1597902223110001.001.00
546HSA00960_ALKALOID_ BIOSYNTHESIS_IIGenes involved in alkaloid biosynthesis II18AOC2(1)804341113100001.001.00
547HSA00600_SPHINGOLIPID_ METABOLISMGenes involved in sphingolipid metabolism36ARSD(2)1618422220020001.001.00
548RNA_TRANSCRIPTION_ REACTOME37GTF2H1(1), POLR2A(1), POLR2G(1)2736413330021001.001.00
549RIBOSOMAL_PROTEINS94RPL3(1), RPS6KA2(1)1895992221020001.001.00
550HSA03020_RNA_POLYMERASEGenes involved in RNA polymerase23POLR2A(1), POLR2G(1)1928152220020001.001.00
551RNA_POLYMERASE14POLR2A(1), POLR2G(1)1930442220020001.001.00
552HSA03010_RIBOSOMEGenes involved in ribosome67RPL3(1)1316421111010001.001.00
553ARAPPATHWAYADP-ribosylation factors (ARFs), members of the Ras superfamily, regulate eukaryotic vesicular trafficking and activate phospholipase D's.12ARFGAP3(1)1918211110010001.001.00
554AHSPPATHWAYAlpha-hemoglobin stabilizing protein (AHSP) prevents precitipation of hemoglobin alpha-subunits.12500370000000001.001.00
555ARFPATHWAYCyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A is a tumor suppressor that induces G1 arrest and can activate the p53 pathway, leading to G2/M arrest.1669970000000001.001.00
556ARGININECPATHWAYRelated catabolic pathways process arginine, histidine, glutamine, and proline through glutamate to alpha-ketoglutamate, which feeds into the citric acid cycle.6384500000000001.001.00
557ASBCELLPATHWAYB cells require interaction with helper T cells to produce antigen-specific immunoglobulins as a key element of the human immune response.814400000000001.001.00
558BADPATHWAYWhen phosphorylated, BAD is inhibited by sequestration; when non-phosphorylated, it promotes apoptosis by inactivating pro-survival BCL-XL and BCL-2.22310760000000001.001.00
559BETAOXIDATIONPATHWAYBeta-Oxidation of Fatty Acids6115600000000001.001.00
560BLOOD_GROUP_GLYCOLIPID_ BIOSYNTHESIS_LACTOSERIES7495650000000001.001.00
561CDK5PATHWAYCdk5, a regulatory kinase implicated in neuronal development, represses Mek1, which downregulates the MAP kinase pathway.12293210001000001.001.00
562CHONDROITIN891850000000001.001.00
563CTLA4PATHWAYT cell activation requires interaction with an antigen-MHC-I complex on an antigen-presenting cell (APC), as well as CD28 interaction with the APC's CD80 or 86.1717120000000001.001.00
564EICOSANOID_SYNTHESIS17136400001000001.001.00
565EIF2PATHWAYEukaryotic initiation factor 2 (EIF2) initiates translation by transferring Met-tRNA to the 40S ribosome in a GTP-dependent process.9330000000000001.001.00
566ETCPATHWAYEnergy is extracted from carbohydrates via oxidation and transferred to the mitochondrial electron transport chain, which couples ATP synthesis to the reduction of oxygen to water.9441840000000001.001.00
567FBW7PATHWAYCyclin E interacts with cell cycle checkpoint kinase cdk2 to allow transcription of genes required for S phase, including transcription of additional cyclin E.851600000000001.001.00
568FREEPATHWAYNeutrophils release superoxide to induce lysis in invading bacteria; in neighboring endothelial cells, superoxide dismutase scavenges radicals but produces pro-apoptotic peroxides.10442010000000001.001.00
569GANGLIOSIDE_BIOSYNTHESIS893140000000001.001.00
570GATA3PATHWAYGATA-3 is a transcription factor that promotes differentiation of helper T cells into Th2 cells, which secrete cytokines IL4, IL5, and IL13.1614400000000001.001.00
571GLOBOSIDE_METABOLISM13303140000000001.001.00
572GPCRDB_CLASS_A_RHODOPSIN_ LIKE213909970001000001.001.00
573HEME_BIOSYNTHESIS9410610000000001.001.00
574HEPARAN_SULFATE_ BIOSYNTHESIS891850000000001.001.00
575HSA00363_BISPHENOL_ A_DEGRADATIONGenes involved in bisphenol A degradation14382080000000001.001.00
576HSA00430_TAURINE_ AND_HYPOTAURINE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in taurine and hypotaurine metabolism6118800000000001.001.00
577HSA00440_AMINOPHOSPHONATE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in aminophosphonate metabolism16273670000000001.001.00
578HSA00460_CYANOAMINO_ ACID_METABOLISMGenes involved in cyanoamino acid metabolism6115000001000001.001.00
579HSA00480_GLUTATHIONE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in glutathione metabolism37996830000000001.001.00
580HSA00520_NUCLEOTIDE_ SUGARS_METABOLISMGenes involved in nucleotide sugars metabolism621600000000001.001.00
581HSA00601_GLYCOSPHINGOLIPID_ BIOSYNTHESIS_LACTOSERIESGenes involved in glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - lactoseries10331940000000001.001.00
582HSA00603_GLYCOSPHINGOLIPID_ BIOSYNTHESIS_GLOBOSERIESGenes involved in glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - globoseries14210000000000001.001.00
583HSA00604_GLYCOSPHINGOLIPID_ BIOSYNTHESIS_GANGLIOSERIESGenes involved in glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - ganglioseries16210000000000001.001.00
584HSA00625_TETRACHLOROETHENE_ DEGRADATIONGenes involved in tetrachloroethene degradation7190600000000001.001.00
585HSA00626_NAPHTHALENE_ AND_ANTHRACENE_DEGRADATIONGenes involved in naphthalene and anthracene degradation18439880000000001.001.00
586HSA00642_ETHYLBENZENE_ DEGRADATIONGenes involved in ethylbenzene degradation12420680002000001.001.00
587HSA00730_THIAMINE_ METABOLISMGenes involved in thiamine metabolism8103200000000001.001.00
588HSA00750_VITAMIN_ B6_METABOLISMGenes involved in vitamin B6 metabolism5138000000000001.001.00
589HSA00791_ATRAZINE_ DEGRADATIONGenes involved in atrazine degradation9675840001000001.001.00
590HSA00900_TERPENOID_ BIOSYNTHESISGenes involved in terpenoid biosynthesis6219600000000001.001.00
591HSA04130_SNARE_INTERACTIONS_ IN_VESICULAR_TRANSPORTGenes involved in SNARE interactions in vesicular transport35515980000000001.001.00
592HYPERTROPHY_MODEL17119720000000001.001.00
593IGF1MTORPATHWAYGrowth factor IGF-1 activates AKT, Gsk3-beta, and mTOR to promote muscle hypertrophy.19218560000000001.001.00
594IL17PATHWAYActivated T cells secrete IL-17, which stimulates fibroblasts and other cells to secrete inflammatory and hematopoietic cytokines.1317120000000001.001.00
595INFLAMPATHWAYInterleukins and TNF serve as signals to coordinate the inflammatory response, in which macrophages recruit and activate neutrophils, fibroblasts, and T cells.2914400000000001.001.00
596MITOCHONDRIAPATHWAYPro-apoptotic signaling induces mitochondria to release cytochrome c, which stimulates Apaf-1 to activate caspase 9.19347610000000001.001.00
597MITRPATHWAYThe MyoD/MEF2 transcription factors induce muscle cell differentiation and are repressed by the transcriptional repressor MITR.9639510000000001.001.00
598MONOAMINE_GPCRS321053880000000001.001.00
599NUCLEOTIDE_SUGARS_ METABOLISM521600000000001.001.00
600N_GLYCAN_DEGRADATION131172240000000001.001.00
601P35ALZHEIMERSPATHWAYp35, a neuron-specific activator of cyclin-dependent kinase 5, is cleaved to p25 in Alzheimer's disease and promotoes hyperphosphorylated tau formation and apoptosis.1188790000000001.001.00
602PTC1PATHWAYThe binding of extracellular signaling protein Sonic hedgehog to the Patched receptor (Ptc1) allows progression through G1 and may inhibit the G2/M transition.9349020000000001.001.00
603RABPATHWAYRab family GTPases regulate vesicle transport, endocytosis and exocytosis, and vesicle docking via interactions with the rabphilins.9582340000000001.001.00
604RANKLPATHWAYRANK is a TNF-type receptor that promotes osteoclast differentiation and consequent bone resorbtion on binding RANK ligand produced by osteoblasts.12471830000000001.001.00
605RECKPATHWAYRECK is a membrane-anchored inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases, which are expressed by tumor cells and promote metastasis.943620000000001.001.00
606REDUCTIVE_CARBOXYLATE_ CYCLE_CO2_FIXATION9308400000000001.001.00
607SA_FAS_SIGNALINGThe TNF-type receptor Fas induces apoptosis on ligand binding.6103200001000001.001.00
608SA_G2_AND_M_PHASESCdc25 activates the cdc2/cyclin B complex to induce the G2/M transition.7205730000000001.001.00
609SA_PROGRAMMED_CELL_ DEATHProgrammed cell death, or apoptosis, eliminates damaged or unneeded cells.1274010000000001.001.00
610STEMPATHWAYIn the absence of infection, bone marrow stromal cells release hematopoietic cytokines; activated macrophages and Th cells induce hematopoiesis during infection.1514400000000001.001.00
611TCAPOPTOSISPATHWAYHIV infection upregulates Fas ligand in macrophages and CD4 in helper T cells, leading to widespread Fas-induced T cell apoptosis.617120000000001.001.00
612TCRMOLECULET Cell Receptor and CD3 Complex317120000000001.001.00
613TERCPATHWAYhTERC, the RNA subunit of telomerase, and hTERT, the catalytic protein subunit, are required for telomerase activity and are overexpressed in many cancers.6277230000000001.001.00
614TERPENOID_BIOSYNTHESIS4128400000000001.001.00
615TERTPATHWAYhTERC, the RNA subunit of telomerase, and hTERT, the catalytic protein subunit, are required for telomerase activity and are overexpressed in many cancers.7247300000000001.001.00
616TOB1PATHWAYTGF-beta signaling activates SMADs, which interact with intracellular Tob to maintain unstimulated T cells by repressing IL-2 expression.1631520000000001.001.00

Notes: (Please see notes under significantly mutated gene table)